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sqlglot.dialects.snowflake

   1from __future__ import annotations
   2
   3import typing as t
   4
   5from sqlglot import exp, generator, parser, tokens, transforms
   6from sqlglot.dialects.dialect import (
   7    Dialect,
   8    NormalizationStrategy,
   9    binary_from_function,
  10    build_default_decimal_type,
  11    build_timestamp_from_parts,
  12    date_delta_sql,
  13    date_trunc_to_time,
  14    datestrtodate_sql,
  15    build_formatted_time,
  16    if_sql,
  17    inline_array_sql,
  18    max_or_greatest,
  19    min_or_least,
  20    rename_func,
  21    timestamptrunc_sql,
  22    timestrtotime_sql,
  23    var_map_sql,
  24    map_date_part,
  25)
  26from sqlglot.helper import flatten, is_float, is_int, seq_get
  27from sqlglot.tokens import TokenType
  28
  29if t.TYPE_CHECKING:
  30    from sqlglot._typing import E
  31
  32
  33# from https://docs.snowflake.com/en/sql-reference/functions/to_timestamp.html
  34def _build_datetime(
  35    name: str, kind: exp.DataType.Type, safe: bool = False
  36) -> t.Callable[[t.List], exp.Func]:
  37    def _builder(args: t.List) -> exp.Func:
  38        value = seq_get(args, 0)
  39        int_value = value is not None and is_int(value.name)
  40
  41        if isinstance(value, exp.Literal):
  42            # Converts calls like `TO_TIME('01:02:03')` into casts
  43            if len(args) == 1 and value.is_string and not int_value:
  44                return exp.cast(value, kind)
  45
  46            # Handles `TO_TIMESTAMP(str, fmt)` and `TO_TIMESTAMP(num, scale)` as special
  47            # cases so we can transpile them, since they're relatively common
  48            if kind == exp.DataType.Type.TIMESTAMP:
  49                if int_value:
  50                    return exp.UnixToTime(this=value, scale=seq_get(args, 1))
  51                if not is_float(value.this):
  52                    return build_formatted_time(exp.StrToTime, "snowflake")(args)
  53
  54        if kind == exp.DataType.Type.DATE and not int_value:
  55            formatted_exp = build_formatted_time(exp.TsOrDsToDate, "snowflake")(args)
  56            formatted_exp.set("safe", safe)
  57            return formatted_exp
  58
  59        return exp.Anonymous(this=name, expressions=args)
  60
  61    return _builder
  62
  63
  64def _build_object_construct(args: t.List) -> t.Union[exp.StarMap, exp.Struct]:
  65    expression = parser.build_var_map(args)
  66
  67    if isinstance(expression, exp.StarMap):
  68        return expression
  69
  70    return exp.Struct(
  71        expressions=[
  72            exp.PropertyEQ(this=k, expression=v) for k, v in zip(expression.keys, expression.values)
  73        ]
  74    )
  75
  76
  77def _build_datediff(args: t.List) -> exp.DateDiff:
  78    return exp.DateDiff(
  79        this=seq_get(args, 2), expression=seq_get(args, 1), unit=map_date_part(seq_get(args, 0))
  80    )
  81
  82
  83def _build_date_time_add(expr_type: t.Type[E]) -> t.Callable[[t.List], E]:
  84    def _builder(args: t.List) -> E:
  85        return expr_type(
  86            this=seq_get(args, 2),
  87            expression=seq_get(args, 1),
  88            unit=map_date_part(seq_get(args, 0)),
  89        )
  90
  91    return _builder
  92
  93
  94# https://docs.snowflake.com/en/sql-reference/functions/div0
  95def _build_if_from_div0(args: t.List) -> exp.If:
  96    cond = exp.EQ(this=seq_get(args, 1), expression=exp.Literal.number(0))
  97    true = exp.Literal.number(0)
  98    false = exp.Div(this=seq_get(args, 0), expression=seq_get(args, 1))
  99    return exp.If(this=cond, true=true, false=false)
 100
 101
 102# https://docs.snowflake.com/en/sql-reference/functions/zeroifnull
 103def _build_if_from_zeroifnull(args: t.List) -> exp.If:
 104    cond = exp.Is(this=seq_get(args, 0), expression=exp.Null())
 105    return exp.If(this=cond, true=exp.Literal.number(0), false=seq_get(args, 0))
 106
 107
 108# https://docs.snowflake.com/en/sql-reference/functions/zeroifnull
 109def _build_if_from_nullifzero(args: t.List) -> exp.If:
 110    cond = exp.EQ(this=seq_get(args, 0), expression=exp.Literal.number(0))
 111    return exp.If(this=cond, true=exp.Null(), false=seq_get(args, 0))
 112
 113
 114def _regexpilike_sql(self: Snowflake.Generator, expression: exp.RegexpILike) -> str:
 115    flag = expression.text("flag")
 116
 117    if "i" not in flag:
 118        flag += "i"
 119
 120    return self.func(
 121        "REGEXP_LIKE", expression.this, expression.expression, exp.Literal.string(flag)
 122    )
 123
 124
 125def _build_convert_timezone(args: t.List) -> t.Union[exp.Anonymous, exp.AtTimeZone]:
 126    if len(args) == 3:
 127        return exp.Anonymous(this="CONVERT_TIMEZONE", expressions=args)
 128    return exp.AtTimeZone(this=seq_get(args, 1), zone=seq_get(args, 0))
 129
 130
 131def _build_regexp_replace(args: t.List) -> exp.RegexpReplace:
 132    regexp_replace = exp.RegexpReplace.from_arg_list(args)
 133
 134    if not regexp_replace.args.get("replacement"):
 135        regexp_replace.set("replacement", exp.Literal.string(""))
 136
 137    return regexp_replace
 138
 139
 140def _show_parser(*args: t.Any, **kwargs: t.Any) -> t.Callable[[Snowflake.Parser], exp.Show]:
 141    def _parse(self: Snowflake.Parser) -> exp.Show:
 142        return self._parse_show_snowflake(*args, **kwargs)
 143
 144    return _parse
 145
 146
 147def _date_trunc_to_time(args: t.List) -> exp.DateTrunc | exp.TimestampTrunc:
 148    trunc = date_trunc_to_time(args)
 149    trunc.set("unit", map_date_part(trunc.args["unit"]))
 150    return trunc
 151
 152
 153def _unqualify_unpivot_columns(expression: exp.Expression) -> exp.Expression:
 154    """
 155    Snowflake doesn't allow columns referenced in UNPIVOT to be qualified,
 156    so we need to unqualify them.
 157
 158    Example:
 159        >>> from sqlglot import parse_one
 160        >>> expr = parse_one("SELECT * FROM m_sales UNPIVOT(sales FOR month IN (m_sales.jan, feb, mar, april))")
 161        >>> print(_unqualify_unpivot_columns(expr).sql(dialect="snowflake"))
 162        SELECT * FROM m_sales UNPIVOT(sales FOR month IN (jan, feb, mar, april))
 163    """
 164    if isinstance(expression, exp.Pivot) and expression.unpivot:
 165        expression = transforms.unqualify_columns(expression)
 166
 167    return expression
 168
 169
 170def _flatten_structured_types_unless_iceberg(expression: exp.Expression) -> exp.Expression:
 171    assert isinstance(expression, exp.Create)
 172
 173    def _flatten_structured_type(expression: exp.DataType) -> exp.DataType:
 174        if expression.this in exp.DataType.NESTED_TYPES:
 175            expression.set("expressions", None)
 176        return expression
 177
 178    props = expression.args.get("properties")
 179    if isinstance(expression.this, exp.Schema) and not (props and props.find(exp.IcebergProperty)):
 180        for schema_expression in expression.this.expressions:
 181            if isinstance(schema_expression, exp.ColumnDef):
 182                column_type = schema_expression.kind
 183                if isinstance(column_type, exp.DataType):
 184                    column_type.transform(_flatten_structured_type, copy=False)
 185
 186    return expression
 187
 188
 189class Snowflake(Dialect):
 190    # https://docs.snowflake.com/en/sql-reference/identifiers-syntax
 191    NORMALIZATION_STRATEGY = NormalizationStrategy.UPPERCASE
 192    NULL_ORDERING = "nulls_are_large"
 193    TIME_FORMAT = "'YYYY-MM-DD HH24:MI:SS'"
 194    SUPPORTS_USER_DEFINED_TYPES = False
 195    SUPPORTS_SEMI_ANTI_JOIN = False
 196    PREFER_CTE_ALIAS_COLUMN = True
 197    TABLESAMPLE_SIZE_IS_PERCENT = True
 198    COPY_PARAMS_ARE_CSV = False
 199
 200    TIME_MAPPING = {
 201        "YYYY": "%Y",
 202        "yyyy": "%Y",
 203        "YY": "%y",
 204        "yy": "%y",
 205        "MMMM": "%B",
 206        "mmmm": "%B",
 207        "MON": "%b",
 208        "mon": "%b",
 209        "MM": "%m",
 210        "mm": "%m",
 211        "DD": "%d",
 212        "dd": "%-d",
 213        "DY": "%a",
 214        "dy": "%w",
 215        "HH24": "%H",
 216        "hh24": "%H",
 217        "HH12": "%I",
 218        "hh12": "%I",
 219        "MI": "%M",
 220        "mi": "%M",
 221        "SS": "%S",
 222        "ss": "%S",
 223        "FF": "%f",
 224        "ff": "%f",
 225        "FF6": "%f",
 226        "ff6": "%f",
 227    }
 228
 229    def quote_identifier(self, expression: E, identify: bool = True) -> E:
 230        # This disables quoting DUAL in SELECT ... FROM DUAL, because Snowflake treats an
 231        # unquoted DUAL keyword in a special way and does not map it to a user-defined table
 232        if (
 233            isinstance(expression, exp.Identifier)
 234            and isinstance(expression.parent, exp.Table)
 235            and expression.name.lower() == "dual"
 236        ):
 237            return expression  # type: ignore
 238
 239        return super().quote_identifier(expression, identify=identify)
 240
 241    class Parser(parser.Parser):
 242        IDENTIFY_PIVOT_STRINGS = True
 243        DEFAULT_SAMPLING_METHOD = "BERNOULLI"
 244        COLON_IS_VARIANT_EXTRACT = True
 245
 246        ID_VAR_TOKENS = {
 247            *parser.Parser.ID_VAR_TOKENS,
 248            TokenType.MATCH_CONDITION,
 249        }
 250
 251        TABLE_ALIAS_TOKENS = parser.Parser.TABLE_ALIAS_TOKENS | {TokenType.WINDOW}
 252        TABLE_ALIAS_TOKENS.discard(TokenType.MATCH_CONDITION)
 253
 254        FUNCTIONS = {
 255            **parser.Parser.FUNCTIONS,
 256            "APPROX_PERCENTILE": exp.ApproxQuantile.from_arg_list,
 257            "ARRAYAGG": exp.ArrayAgg.from_arg_list,
 258            "ARRAY_CONSTRUCT": lambda args: exp.Array(expressions=args),
 259            "ARRAY_CONTAINS": lambda args: exp.ArrayContains(
 260                this=seq_get(args, 1), expression=seq_get(args, 0)
 261            ),
 262            "ARRAY_GENERATE_RANGE": lambda args: exp.GenerateSeries(
 263                # ARRAY_GENERATE_RANGE has an exlusive end; we normalize it to be inclusive
 264                start=seq_get(args, 0),
 265                end=exp.Sub(this=seq_get(args, 1), expression=exp.Literal.number(1)),
 266                step=seq_get(args, 2),
 267            ),
 268            "BITXOR": binary_from_function(exp.BitwiseXor),
 269            "BIT_XOR": binary_from_function(exp.BitwiseXor),
 270            "BOOLXOR": binary_from_function(exp.Xor),
 271            "CONVERT_TIMEZONE": _build_convert_timezone,
 272            "DATE": _build_datetime("DATE", exp.DataType.Type.DATE),
 273            "DATE_TRUNC": _date_trunc_to_time,
 274            "DATEADD": _build_date_time_add(exp.DateAdd),
 275            "DATEDIFF": _build_datediff,
 276            "DIV0": _build_if_from_div0,
 277            "FLATTEN": exp.Explode.from_arg_list,
 278            "GET_PATH": lambda args, dialect: exp.JSONExtract(
 279                this=seq_get(args, 0), expression=dialect.to_json_path(seq_get(args, 1))
 280            ),
 281            "IFF": exp.If.from_arg_list,
 282            "LAST_DAY": lambda args: exp.LastDay(
 283                this=seq_get(args, 0), unit=map_date_part(seq_get(args, 1))
 284            ),
 285            "LEN": lambda args: exp.Length(this=seq_get(args, 0), binary=True),
 286            "LENGTH": lambda args: exp.Length(this=seq_get(args, 0), binary=True),
 287            "LISTAGG": exp.GroupConcat.from_arg_list,
 288            "MEDIAN": lambda args: exp.PercentileCont(
 289                this=seq_get(args, 0), expression=exp.Literal.number(0.5)
 290            ),
 291            "NULLIFZERO": _build_if_from_nullifzero,
 292            "OBJECT_CONSTRUCT": _build_object_construct,
 293            "REGEXP_REPLACE": _build_regexp_replace,
 294            "REGEXP_SUBSTR": exp.RegexpExtract.from_arg_list,
 295            "RLIKE": exp.RegexpLike.from_arg_list,
 296            "SQUARE": lambda args: exp.Pow(this=seq_get(args, 0), expression=exp.Literal.number(2)),
 297            "TIMEADD": _build_date_time_add(exp.TimeAdd),
 298            "TIMEDIFF": _build_datediff,
 299            "TIMESTAMPADD": _build_date_time_add(exp.DateAdd),
 300            "TIMESTAMPDIFF": _build_datediff,
 301            "TIMESTAMPFROMPARTS": build_timestamp_from_parts,
 302            "TIMESTAMP_FROM_PARTS": build_timestamp_from_parts,
 303            "TRY_PARSE_JSON": lambda args: exp.ParseJSON(this=seq_get(args, 0), safe=True),
 304            "TRY_TO_DATE": _build_datetime("TRY_TO_DATE", exp.DataType.Type.DATE, safe=True),
 305            "TO_DATE": _build_datetime("TO_DATE", exp.DataType.Type.DATE),
 306            "TO_NUMBER": lambda args: exp.ToNumber(
 307                this=seq_get(args, 0),
 308                format=seq_get(args, 1),
 309                precision=seq_get(args, 2),
 310                scale=seq_get(args, 3),
 311            ),
 312            "TO_TIME": _build_datetime("TO_TIME", exp.DataType.Type.TIME),
 313            "TO_TIMESTAMP": _build_datetime("TO_TIMESTAMP", exp.DataType.Type.TIMESTAMP),
 314            "TO_TIMESTAMP_LTZ": _build_datetime("TO_TIMESTAMP_LTZ", exp.DataType.Type.TIMESTAMPLTZ),
 315            "TO_TIMESTAMP_NTZ": _build_datetime("TO_TIMESTAMP_NTZ", exp.DataType.Type.TIMESTAMP),
 316            "TO_TIMESTAMP_TZ": _build_datetime("TO_TIMESTAMP_TZ", exp.DataType.Type.TIMESTAMPTZ),
 317            "TO_VARCHAR": exp.ToChar.from_arg_list,
 318            "ZEROIFNULL": _build_if_from_zeroifnull,
 319        }
 320
 321        FUNCTION_PARSERS = {
 322            **parser.Parser.FUNCTION_PARSERS,
 323            "DATE_PART": lambda self: self._parse_date_part(),
 324            "OBJECT_CONSTRUCT_KEEP_NULL": lambda self: self._parse_json_object(),
 325        }
 326        FUNCTION_PARSERS.pop("TRIM")
 327
 328        TIMESTAMPS = parser.Parser.TIMESTAMPS - {TokenType.TIME}
 329
 330        RANGE_PARSERS = {
 331            **parser.Parser.RANGE_PARSERS,
 332            TokenType.LIKE_ANY: parser.binary_range_parser(exp.LikeAny),
 333            TokenType.ILIKE_ANY: parser.binary_range_parser(exp.ILikeAny),
 334        }
 335
 336        ALTER_PARSERS = {
 337            **parser.Parser.ALTER_PARSERS,
 338            "UNSET": lambda self: self.expression(
 339                exp.Set,
 340                tag=self._match_text_seq("TAG"),
 341                expressions=self._parse_csv(self._parse_id_var),
 342                unset=True,
 343            ),
 344            "SWAP": lambda self: self._parse_alter_table_swap(),
 345        }
 346
 347        STATEMENT_PARSERS = {
 348            **parser.Parser.STATEMENT_PARSERS,
 349            TokenType.SHOW: lambda self: self._parse_show(),
 350        }
 351
 352        PROPERTY_PARSERS = {
 353            **parser.Parser.PROPERTY_PARSERS,
 354            "LOCATION": lambda self: self._parse_location_property(),
 355        }
 356
 357        TYPE_CONVERTERS = {
 358            # https://docs.snowflake.com/en/sql-reference/data-types-numeric#number
 359            exp.DataType.Type.DECIMAL: build_default_decimal_type(precision=38, scale=0),
 360        }
 361
 362        SHOW_PARSERS = {
 363            "SCHEMAS": _show_parser("SCHEMAS"),
 364            "TERSE SCHEMAS": _show_parser("SCHEMAS"),
 365            "OBJECTS": _show_parser("OBJECTS"),
 366            "TERSE OBJECTS": _show_parser("OBJECTS"),
 367            "TABLES": _show_parser("TABLES"),
 368            "TERSE TABLES": _show_parser("TABLES"),
 369            "VIEWS": _show_parser("VIEWS"),
 370            "TERSE VIEWS": _show_parser("VIEWS"),
 371            "PRIMARY KEYS": _show_parser("PRIMARY KEYS"),
 372            "TERSE PRIMARY KEYS": _show_parser("PRIMARY KEYS"),
 373            "IMPORTED KEYS": _show_parser("IMPORTED KEYS"),
 374            "TERSE IMPORTED KEYS": _show_parser("IMPORTED KEYS"),
 375            "UNIQUE KEYS": _show_parser("UNIQUE KEYS"),
 376            "TERSE UNIQUE KEYS": _show_parser("UNIQUE KEYS"),
 377            "SEQUENCES": _show_parser("SEQUENCES"),
 378            "TERSE SEQUENCES": _show_parser("SEQUENCES"),
 379            "COLUMNS": _show_parser("COLUMNS"),
 380            "USERS": _show_parser("USERS"),
 381            "TERSE USERS": _show_parser("USERS"),
 382        }
 383
 384        CONSTRAINT_PARSERS = {
 385            **parser.Parser.CONSTRAINT_PARSERS,
 386            "WITH": lambda self: self._parse_with_constraint(),
 387            "MASKING": lambda self: self._parse_with_constraint(),
 388            "PROJECTION": lambda self: self._parse_with_constraint(),
 389            "TAG": lambda self: self._parse_with_constraint(),
 390        }
 391
 392        STAGED_FILE_SINGLE_TOKENS = {
 393            TokenType.DOT,
 394            TokenType.MOD,
 395            TokenType.SLASH,
 396        }
 397
 398        FLATTEN_COLUMNS = ["SEQ", "KEY", "PATH", "INDEX", "VALUE", "THIS"]
 399
 400        SCHEMA_KINDS = {"OBJECTS", "TABLES", "VIEWS", "SEQUENCES", "UNIQUE KEYS", "IMPORTED KEYS"}
 401
 402        NON_TABLE_CREATABLES = {"STORAGE INTEGRATION", "TAG", "WAREHOUSE", "STREAMLIT"}
 403
 404        LAMBDAS = {
 405            **parser.Parser.LAMBDAS,
 406            TokenType.ARROW: lambda self, expressions: self.expression(
 407                exp.Lambda,
 408                this=self._replace_lambda(
 409                    self._parse_assignment(),
 410                    expressions,
 411                ),
 412                expressions=[e.this if isinstance(e, exp.Cast) else e for e in expressions],
 413            ),
 414        }
 415
 416        def _parse_with_constraint(self) -> t.Optional[exp.Expression]:
 417            if self._prev.token_type != TokenType.WITH:
 418                self._retreat(self._index - 1)
 419
 420            if self._match_text_seq("MASKING", "POLICY"):
 421                policy = self._parse_column()
 422                return self.expression(
 423                    exp.MaskingPolicyColumnConstraint,
 424                    this=policy.to_dot() if isinstance(policy, exp.Column) else policy,
 425                    expressions=self._match(TokenType.USING)
 426                    and self._parse_wrapped_csv(self._parse_id_var),
 427                )
 428            if self._match_text_seq("PROJECTION", "POLICY"):
 429                policy = self._parse_column()
 430                return self.expression(
 431                    exp.ProjectionPolicyColumnConstraint,
 432                    this=policy.to_dot() if isinstance(policy, exp.Column) else policy,
 433                )
 434            if self._match(TokenType.TAG):
 435                return self.expression(
 436                    exp.TagColumnConstraint,
 437                    expressions=self._parse_wrapped_csv(self._parse_property),
 438                )
 439
 440            return None
 441
 442        def _parse_create(self) -> exp.Create | exp.Command:
 443            expression = super()._parse_create()
 444            if isinstance(expression, exp.Create) and expression.kind in self.NON_TABLE_CREATABLES:
 445                # Replace the Table node with the enclosed Identifier
 446                expression.this.replace(expression.this.this)
 447
 448            return expression
 449
 450        # https://docs.snowflake.com/en/sql-reference/functions/date_part.html
 451        # https://docs.snowflake.com/en/sql-reference/functions-date-time.html#label-supported-date-time-parts
 452        def _parse_date_part(self: Snowflake.Parser) -> t.Optional[exp.Expression]:
 453            this = self._parse_var() or self._parse_type()
 454
 455            if not this:
 456                return None
 457
 458            self._match(TokenType.COMMA)
 459            expression = self._parse_bitwise()
 460            this = map_date_part(this)
 461            name = this.name.upper()
 462
 463            if name.startswith("EPOCH"):
 464                if name == "EPOCH_MILLISECOND":
 465                    scale = 10**3
 466                elif name == "EPOCH_MICROSECOND":
 467                    scale = 10**6
 468                elif name == "EPOCH_NANOSECOND":
 469                    scale = 10**9
 470                else:
 471                    scale = None
 472
 473                ts = self.expression(exp.Cast, this=expression, to=exp.DataType.build("TIMESTAMP"))
 474                to_unix: exp.Expression = self.expression(exp.TimeToUnix, this=ts)
 475
 476                if scale:
 477                    to_unix = exp.Mul(this=to_unix, expression=exp.Literal.number(scale))
 478
 479                return to_unix
 480
 481            return self.expression(exp.Extract, this=this, expression=expression)
 482
 483        def _parse_bracket_key_value(self, is_map: bool = False) -> t.Optional[exp.Expression]:
 484            if is_map:
 485                # Keys are strings in Snowflake's objects, see also:
 486                # - https://docs.snowflake.com/en/sql-reference/data-types-semistructured
 487                # - https://docs.snowflake.com/en/sql-reference/functions/object_construct
 488                return self._parse_slice(self._parse_string())
 489
 490            return self._parse_slice(self._parse_alias(self._parse_assignment(), explicit=True))
 491
 492        def _parse_lateral(self) -> t.Optional[exp.Lateral]:
 493            lateral = super()._parse_lateral()
 494            if not lateral:
 495                return lateral
 496
 497            if isinstance(lateral.this, exp.Explode):
 498                table_alias = lateral.args.get("alias")
 499                columns = [exp.to_identifier(col) for col in self.FLATTEN_COLUMNS]
 500                if table_alias and not table_alias.args.get("columns"):
 501                    table_alias.set("columns", columns)
 502                elif not table_alias:
 503                    exp.alias_(lateral, "_flattened", table=columns, copy=False)
 504
 505            return lateral
 506
 507        def _parse_table_parts(
 508            self, schema: bool = False, is_db_reference: bool = False, wildcard: bool = False
 509        ) -> exp.Table:
 510            # https://docs.snowflake.com/en/user-guide/querying-stage
 511            if self._match(TokenType.STRING, advance=False):
 512                table = self._parse_string()
 513            elif self._match_text_seq("@", advance=False):
 514                table = self._parse_location_path()
 515            else:
 516                table = None
 517
 518            if table:
 519                file_format = None
 520                pattern = None
 521
 522                wrapped = self._match(TokenType.L_PAREN)
 523                while self._curr and wrapped and not self._match(TokenType.R_PAREN):
 524                    if self._match_text_seq("FILE_FORMAT", "=>"):
 525                        file_format = self._parse_string() or super()._parse_table_parts(
 526                            is_db_reference=is_db_reference
 527                        )
 528                    elif self._match_text_seq("PATTERN", "=>"):
 529                        pattern = self._parse_string()
 530                    else:
 531                        break
 532
 533                    self._match(TokenType.COMMA)
 534
 535                table = self.expression(exp.Table, this=table, format=file_format, pattern=pattern)
 536            else:
 537                table = super()._parse_table_parts(schema=schema, is_db_reference=is_db_reference)
 538
 539            return table
 540
 541        def _parse_id_var(
 542            self,
 543            any_token: bool = True,
 544            tokens: t.Optional[t.Collection[TokenType]] = None,
 545        ) -> t.Optional[exp.Expression]:
 546            if self._match_text_seq("IDENTIFIER", "("):
 547                identifier = (
 548                    super()._parse_id_var(any_token=any_token, tokens=tokens)
 549                    or self._parse_string()
 550                )
 551                self._match_r_paren()
 552                return self.expression(exp.Anonymous, this="IDENTIFIER", expressions=[identifier])
 553
 554            return super()._parse_id_var(any_token=any_token, tokens=tokens)
 555
 556        def _parse_show_snowflake(self, this: str) -> exp.Show:
 557            scope = None
 558            scope_kind = None
 559
 560            # will identity SHOW TERSE SCHEMAS but not SHOW TERSE PRIMARY KEYS
 561            # which is syntactically valid but has no effect on the output
 562            terse = self._tokens[self._index - 2].text.upper() == "TERSE"
 563
 564            history = self._match_text_seq("HISTORY")
 565
 566            like = self._parse_string() if self._match(TokenType.LIKE) else None
 567
 568            if self._match(TokenType.IN):
 569                if self._match_text_seq("ACCOUNT"):
 570                    scope_kind = "ACCOUNT"
 571                elif self._match_set(self.DB_CREATABLES):
 572                    scope_kind = self._prev.text.upper()
 573                    if self._curr:
 574                        scope = self._parse_table_parts()
 575                elif self._curr:
 576                    scope_kind = "SCHEMA" if this in self.SCHEMA_KINDS else "TABLE"
 577                    scope = self._parse_table_parts()
 578
 579            return self.expression(
 580                exp.Show,
 581                **{
 582                    "terse": terse,
 583                    "this": this,
 584                    "history": history,
 585                    "like": like,
 586                    "scope": scope,
 587                    "scope_kind": scope_kind,
 588                    "starts_with": self._match_text_seq("STARTS", "WITH") and self._parse_string(),
 589                    "limit": self._parse_limit(),
 590                    "from": self._parse_string() if self._match(TokenType.FROM) else None,
 591                },
 592            )
 593
 594        def _parse_alter_table_swap(self) -> exp.SwapTable:
 595            self._match_text_seq("WITH")
 596            return self.expression(exp.SwapTable, this=self._parse_table(schema=True))
 597
 598        def _parse_location_property(self) -> exp.LocationProperty:
 599            self._match(TokenType.EQ)
 600            return self.expression(exp.LocationProperty, this=self._parse_location_path())
 601
 602        def _parse_file_location(self) -> t.Optional[exp.Expression]:
 603            # Parse either a subquery or a staged file
 604            return (
 605                self._parse_select(table=True, parse_subquery_alias=False)
 606                if self._match(TokenType.L_PAREN, advance=False)
 607                else self._parse_table_parts()
 608            )
 609
 610        def _parse_location_path(self) -> exp.Var:
 611            parts = [self._advance_any(ignore_reserved=True)]
 612
 613            # We avoid consuming a comma token because external tables like @foo and @bar
 614            # can be joined in a query with a comma separator, as well as closing paren
 615            # in case of subqueries
 616            while self._is_connected() and not self._match_set(
 617                (TokenType.COMMA, TokenType.L_PAREN, TokenType.R_PAREN), advance=False
 618            ):
 619                parts.append(self._advance_any(ignore_reserved=True))
 620
 621            return exp.var("".join(part.text for part in parts if part))
 622
 623        def _parse_lambda_arg(self) -> t.Optional[exp.Expression]:
 624            this = super()._parse_lambda_arg()
 625
 626            if not this:
 627                return this
 628
 629            typ = self._parse_types()
 630
 631            if typ:
 632                return self.expression(exp.Cast, this=this, to=typ)
 633
 634            return this
 635
 636    class Tokenizer(tokens.Tokenizer):
 637        STRING_ESCAPES = ["\\", "'"]
 638        HEX_STRINGS = [("x'", "'"), ("X'", "'")]
 639        RAW_STRINGS = ["$$"]
 640        COMMENTS = ["--", "//", ("/*", "*/")]
 641
 642        KEYWORDS = {
 643            **tokens.Tokenizer.KEYWORDS,
 644            "BYTEINT": TokenType.INT,
 645            "CHAR VARYING": TokenType.VARCHAR,
 646            "CHARACTER VARYING": TokenType.VARCHAR,
 647            "EXCLUDE": TokenType.EXCEPT,
 648            "ILIKE ANY": TokenType.ILIKE_ANY,
 649            "LIKE ANY": TokenType.LIKE_ANY,
 650            "MATCH_CONDITION": TokenType.MATCH_CONDITION,
 651            "MATCH_RECOGNIZE": TokenType.MATCH_RECOGNIZE,
 652            "MINUS": TokenType.EXCEPT,
 653            "NCHAR VARYING": TokenType.VARCHAR,
 654            "PUT": TokenType.COMMAND,
 655            "REMOVE": TokenType.COMMAND,
 656            "RM": TokenType.COMMAND,
 657            "SAMPLE": TokenType.TABLE_SAMPLE,
 658            "SQL_DOUBLE": TokenType.DOUBLE,
 659            "SQL_VARCHAR": TokenType.VARCHAR,
 660            "STORAGE INTEGRATION": TokenType.STORAGE_INTEGRATION,
 661            "TAG": TokenType.TAG,
 662            "TIMESTAMP_TZ": TokenType.TIMESTAMPTZ,
 663            "TOP": TokenType.TOP,
 664            "WAREHOUSE": TokenType.WAREHOUSE,
 665            "STREAMLIT": TokenType.STREAMLIT,
 666        }
 667        KEYWORDS.pop("/*+")
 668
 669        SINGLE_TOKENS = {
 670            **tokens.Tokenizer.SINGLE_TOKENS,
 671            "$": TokenType.PARAMETER,
 672        }
 673
 674        VAR_SINGLE_TOKENS = {"$"}
 675
 676        COMMANDS = tokens.Tokenizer.COMMANDS - {TokenType.SHOW}
 677
 678    class Generator(generator.Generator):
 679        PARAMETER_TOKEN = "$"
 680        MATCHED_BY_SOURCE = False
 681        SINGLE_STRING_INTERVAL = True
 682        JOIN_HINTS = False
 683        TABLE_HINTS = False
 684        QUERY_HINTS = False
 685        AGGREGATE_FILTER_SUPPORTED = False
 686        SUPPORTS_TABLE_COPY = False
 687        COLLATE_IS_FUNC = True
 688        LIMIT_ONLY_LITERALS = True
 689        JSON_KEY_VALUE_PAIR_SEP = ","
 690        INSERT_OVERWRITE = " OVERWRITE INTO"
 691        STRUCT_DELIMITER = ("(", ")")
 692        COPY_PARAMS_ARE_WRAPPED = False
 693        COPY_PARAMS_EQ_REQUIRED = True
 694        STAR_EXCEPT = "EXCLUDE"
 695        SUPPORTS_EXPLODING_PROJECTIONS = False
 696        ARRAY_CONCAT_IS_VAR_LEN = False
 697
 698        TRANSFORMS = {
 699            **generator.Generator.TRANSFORMS,
 700            exp.ApproxDistinct: rename_func("APPROX_COUNT_DISTINCT"),
 701            exp.ArgMax: rename_func("MAX_BY"),
 702            exp.ArgMin: rename_func("MIN_BY"),
 703            exp.Array: inline_array_sql,
 704            exp.ArrayConcat: lambda self, e: self.arrayconcat_sql(e, name="ARRAY_CAT"),
 705            exp.ArrayContains: lambda self, e: self.func("ARRAY_CONTAINS", e.expression, e.this),
 706            exp.AtTimeZone: lambda self, e: self.func(
 707                "CONVERT_TIMEZONE", e.args.get("zone"), e.this
 708            ),
 709            exp.BitwiseXor: rename_func("BITXOR"),
 710            exp.Create: transforms.preprocess([_flatten_structured_types_unless_iceberg]),
 711            exp.DateAdd: date_delta_sql("DATEADD"),
 712            exp.DateDiff: date_delta_sql("DATEDIFF"),
 713            exp.DateStrToDate: datestrtodate_sql,
 714            exp.DayOfMonth: rename_func("DAYOFMONTH"),
 715            exp.DayOfWeek: rename_func("DAYOFWEEK"),
 716            exp.DayOfYear: rename_func("DAYOFYEAR"),
 717            exp.Explode: rename_func("FLATTEN"),
 718            exp.Extract: rename_func("DATE_PART"),
 719            exp.FromTimeZone: lambda self, e: self.func(
 720                "CONVERT_TIMEZONE", e.args.get("zone"), "'UTC'", e.this
 721            ),
 722            exp.GenerateSeries: lambda self, e: self.func(
 723                "ARRAY_GENERATE_RANGE", e.args["start"], e.args["end"] + 1, e.args.get("step")
 724            ),
 725            exp.GroupConcat: rename_func("LISTAGG"),
 726            exp.If: if_sql(name="IFF", false_value="NULL"),
 727            exp.JSONExtract: lambda self, e: self.func("GET_PATH", e.this, e.expression),
 728            exp.JSONExtractScalar: lambda self, e: self.func(
 729                "JSON_EXTRACT_PATH_TEXT", e.this, e.expression
 730            ),
 731            exp.JSONObject: lambda self, e: self.func("OBJECT_CONSTRUCT_KEEP_NULL", *e.expressions),
 732            exp.JSONPathRoot: lambda *_: "",
 733            exp.LogicalAnd: rename_func("BOOLAND_AGG"),
 734            exp.LogicalOr: rename_func("BOOLOR_AGG"),
 735            exp.Map: lambda self, e: var_map_sql(self, e, "OBJECT_CONSTRUCT"),
 736            exp.Max: max_or_greatest,
 737            exp.Min: min_or_least,
 738            exp.ParseJSON: lambda self, e: self.func(
 739                "TRY_PARSE_JSON" if e.args.get("safe") else "PARSE_JSON", e.this
 740            ),
 741            exp.PartitionedByProperty: lambda self, e: f"PARTITION BY {self.sql(e, 'this')}",
 742            exp.PercentileCont: transforms.preprocess(
 743                [transforms.add_within_group_for_percentiles]
 744            ),
 745            exp.PercentileDisc: transforms.preprocess(
 746                [transforms.add_within_group_for_percentiles]
 747            ),
 748            exp.Pivot: transforms.preprocess([_unqualify_unpivot_columns]),
 749            exp.RegexpILike: _regexpilike_sql,
 750            exp.Rand: rename_func("RANDOM"),
 751            exp.Select: transforms.preprocess(
 752                [
 753                    transforms.eliminate_distinct_on,
 754                    transforms.explode_to_unnest(),
 755                    transforms.eliminate_semi_and_anti_joins,
 756                ]
 757            ),
 758            exp.SHA: rename_func("SHA1"),
 759            exp.StarMap: rename_func("OBJECT_CONSTRUCT"),
 760            exp.StartsWith: rename_func("STARTSWITH"),
 761            exp.StrPosition: lambda self, e: self.func(
 762                "POSITION", e.args.get("substr"), e.this, e.args.get("position")
 763            ),
 764            exp.StrToTime: lambda self, e: self.func("TO_TIMESTAMP", e.this, self.format_time(e)),
 765            exp.Stuff: rename_func("INSERT"),
 766            exp.TimeAdd: date_delta_sql("TIMEADD"),
 767            exp.TimestampDiff: lambda self, e: self.func(
 768                "TIMESTAMPDIFF", e.unit, e.expression, e.this
 769            ),
 770            exp.TimestampTrunc: timestamptrunc_sql(),
 771            exp.TimeStrToTime: timestrtotime_sql,
 772            exp.TimeToStr: lambda self, e: self.func(
 773                "TO_CHAR", exp.cast(e.this, exp.DataType.Type.TIMESTAMP), self.format_time(e)
 774            ),
 775            exp.TimeToUnix: lambda self, e: f"EXTRACT(epoch_second FROM {self.sql(e, 'this')})",
 776            exp.ToArray: rename_func("TO_ARRAY"),
 777            exp.ToChar: lambda self, e: self.function_fallback_sql(e),
 778            exp.Trim: lambda self, e: self.func("TRIM", e.this, e.expression),
 779            exp.TsOrDsAdd: date_delta_sql("DATEADD", cast=True),
 780            exp.TsOrDsDiff: date_delta_sql("DATEDIFF"),
 781            exp.TsOrDsToDate: lambda self, e: self.func(
 782                "TRY_TO_DATE" if e.args.get("safe") else "TO_DATE", e.this, self.format_time(e)
 783            ),
 784            exp.UnixToTime: rename_func("TO_TIMESTAMP"),
 785            exp.VarMap: lambda self, e: var_map_sql(self, e, "OBJECT_CONSTRUCT"),
 786            exp.WeekOfYear: rename_func("WEEKOFYEAR"),
 787            exp.Xor: rename_func("BOOLXOR"),
 788        }
 789
 790        SUPPORTED_JSON_PATH_PARTS = {
 791            exp.JSONPathKey,
 792            exp.JSONPathRoot,
 793            exp.JSONPathSubscript,
 794        }
 795
 796        TYPE_MAPPING = {
 797            **generator.Generator.TYPE_MAPPING,
 798            exp.DataType.Type.NESTED: "OBJECT",
 799            exp.DataType.Type.STRUCT: "OBJECT",
 800        }
 801
 802        PROPERTIES_LOCATION = {
 803            **generator.Generator.PROPERTIES_LOCATION,
 804            exp.SetProperty: exp.Properties.Location.UNSUPPORTED,
 805            exp.VolatileProperty: exp.Properties.Location.UNSUPPORTED,
 806        }
 807
 808        UNSUPPORTED_VALUES_EXPRESSIONS = {
 809            exp.Map,
 810            exp.StarMap,
 811            exp.Struct,
 812            exp.VarMap,
 813        }
 814
 815        def with_properties(self, properties: exp.Properties) -> str:
 816            return self.properties(properties, wrapped=False, prefix=self.sep(""), sep=" ")
 817
 818        def values_sql(self, expression: exp.Values, values_as_table: bool = True) -> str:
 819            if expression.find(*self.UNSUPPORTED_VALUES_EXPRESSIONS):
 820                values_as_table = False
 821
 822            return super().values_sql(expression, values_as_table=values_as_table)
 823
 824        def datatype_sql(self, expression: exp.DataType) -> str:
 825            expressions = expression.expressions
 826            if (
 827                expressions
 828                and expression.is_type(*exp.DataType.STRUCT_TYPES)
 829                and any(isinstance(field_type, exp.DataType) for field_type in expressions)
 830            ):
 831                # The correct syntax is OBJECT [ (<key> <value_type [NOT NULL] [, ...]) ]
 832                return "OBJECT"
 833
 834            return super().datatype_sql(expression)
 835
 836        def tonumber_sql(self, expression: exp.ToNumber) -> str:
 837            return self.func(
 838                "TO_NUMBER",
 839                expression.this,
 840                expression.args.get("format"),
 841                expression.args.get("precision"),
 842                expression.args.get("scale"),
 843            )
 844
 845        def timestampfromparts_sql(self, expression: exp.TimestampFromParts) -> str:
 846            milli = expression.args.get("milli")
 847            if milli is not None:
 848                milli_to_nano = milli.pop() * exp.Literal.number(1000000)
 849                expression.set("nano", milli_to_nano)
 850
 851            return rename_func("TIMESTAMP_FROM_PARTS")(self, expression)
 852
 853        def trycast_sql(self, expression: exp.TryCast) -> str:
 854            value = expression.this
 855
 856            if value.type is None:
 857                from sqlglot.optimizer.annotate_types import annotate_types
 858
 859                value = annotate_types(value)
 860
 861            if value.is_type(*exp.DataType.TEXT_TYPES, exp.DataType.Type.UNKNOWN):
 862                return super().trycast_sql(expression)
 863
 864            # TRY_CAST only works for string values in Snowflake
 865            return self.cast_sql(expression)
 866
 867        def log_sql(self, expression: exp.Log) -> str:
 868            if not expression.expression:
 869                return self.func("LN", expression.this)
 870
 871            return super().log_sql(expression)
 872
 873        def unnest_sql(self, expression: exp.Unnest) -> str:
 874            unnest_alias = expression.args.get("alias")
 875            offset = expression.args.get("offset")
 876
 877            columns = [
 878                exp.to_identifier("seq"),
 879                exp.to_identifier("key"),
 880                exp.to_identifier("path"),
 881                offset.pop() if isinstance(offset, exp.Expression) else exp.to_identifier("index"),
 882                seq_get(unnest_alias.columns if unnest_alias else [], 0)
 883                or exp.to_identifier("value"),
 884                exp.to_identifier("this"),
 885            ]
 886
 887            if unnest_alias:
 888                unnest_alias.set("columns", columns)
 889            else:
 890                unnest_alias = exp.TableAlias(this="_u", columns=columns)
 891
 892            explode = f"TABLE(FLATTEN(INPUT => {self.sql(expression.expressions[0])}))"
 893            alias = self.sql(unnest_alias)
 894            alias = f" AS {alias}" if alias else ""
 895            return f"{explode}{alias}"
 896
 897        def show_sql(self, expression: exp.Show) -> str:
 898            terse = "TERSE " if expression.args.get("terse") else ""
 899            history = " HISTORY" if expression.args.get("history") else ""
 900            like = self.sql(expression, "like")
 901            like = f" LIKE {like}" if like else ""
 902
 903            scope = self.sql(expression, "scope")
 904            scope = f" {scope}" if scope else ""
 905
 906            scope_kind = self.sql(expression, "scope_kind")
 907            if scope_kind:
 908                scope_kind = f" IN {scope_kind}"
 909
 910            starts_with = self.sql(expression, "starts_with")
 911            if starts_with:
 912                starts_with = f" STARTS WITH {starts_with}"
 913
 914            limit = self.sql(expression, "limit")
 915
 916            from_ = self.sql(expression, "from")
 917            if from_:
 918                from_ = f" FROM {from_}"
 919
 920            return f"SHOW {terse}{expression.name}{history}{like}{scope_kind}{scope}{starts_with}{limit}{from_}"
 921
 922        def regexpextract_sql(self, expression: exp.RegexpExtract) -> str:
 923            # Other dialects don't support all of the following parameters, so we need to
 924            # generate default values as necessary to ensure the transpilation is correct
 925            group = expression.args.get("group")
 926            parameters = expression.args.get("parameters") or (group and exp.Literal.string("c"))
 927            occurrence = expression.args.get("occurrence") or (parameters and exp.Literal.number(1))
 928            position = expression.args.get("position") or (occurrence and exp.Literal.number(1))
 929
 930            return self.func(
 931                "REGEXP_SUBSTR",
 932                expression.this,
 933                expression.expression,
 934                position,
 935                occurrence,
 936                parameters,
 937                group,
 938            )
 939
 940        def except_op(self, expression: exp.Except) -> str:
 941            if not expression.args.get("distinct"):
 942                self.unsupported("EXCEPT with All is not supported in Snowflake")
 943            return super().except_op(expression)
 944
 945        def intersect_op(self, expression: exp.Intersect) -> str:
 946            if not expression.args.get("distinct"):
 947                self.unsupported("INTERSECT with All is not supported in Snowflake")
 948            return super().intersect_op(expression)
 949
 950        def describe_sql(self, expression: exp.Describe) -> str:
 951            # Default to table if kind is unknown
 952            kind_value = expression.args.get("kind") or "TABLE"
 953            kind = f" {kind_value}" if kind_value else ""
 954            this = f" {self.sql(expression, 'this')}"
 955            expressions = self.expressions(expression, flat=True)
 956            expressions = f" {expressions}" if expressions else ""
 957            return f"DESCRIBE{kind}{this}{expressions}"
 958
 959        def generatedasidentitycolumnconstraint_sql(
 960            self, expression: exp.GeneratedAsIdentityColumnConstraint
 961        ) -> str:
 962            start = expression.args.get("start")
 963            start = f" START {start}" if start else ""
 964            increment = expression.args.get("increment")
 965            increment = f" INCREMENT {increment}" if increment else ""
 966            return f"AUTOINCREMENT{start}{increment}"
 967
 968        def swaptable_sql(self, expression: exp.SwapTable) -> str:
 969            this = self.sql(expression, "this")
 970            return f"SWAP WITH {this}"
 971
 972        def cluster_sql(self, expression: exp.Cluster) -> str:
 973            return f"CLUSTER BY ({self.expressions(expression, flat=True)})"
 974
 975        def struct_sql(self, expression: exp.Struct) -> str:
 976            keys = []
 977            values = []
 978
 979            for i, e in enumerate(expression.expressions):
 980                if isinstance(e, exp.PropertyEQ):
 981                    keys.append(
 982                        exp.Literal.string(e.name) if isinstance(e.this, exp.Identifier) else e.this
 983                    )
 984                    values.append(e.expression)
 985                else:
 986                    keys.append(exp.Literal.string(f"_{i}"))
 987                    values.append(e)
 988
 989            return self.func("OBJECT_CONSTRUCT", *flatten(zip(keys, values)))
 990
 991        def approxquantile_sql(self, expression: exp.ApproxQuantile) -> str:
 992            if expression.args.get("weight") or expression.args.get("accuracy"):
 993                self.unsupported(
 994                    "APPROX_PERCENTILE with weight and/or accuracy arguments are not supported in Snowflake"
 995                )
 996
 997            return self.func("APPROX_PERCENTILE", expression.this, expression.args.get("quantile"))
 998
 999        def alterset_sql(self, expression: exp.AlterSet) -> str:
1000            exprs = self.expressions(expression, flat=True)
1001            exprs = f" {exprs}" if exprs else ""
1002            file_format = self.expressions(expression, key="file_format", flat=True, sep=" ")
1003            file_format = f" STAGE_FILE_FORMAT = ({file_format})" if file_format else ""
1004            copy_options = self.expressions(expression, key="copy_options", flat=True, sep=" ")
1005            copy_options = f" STAGE_COPY_OPTIONS = ({copy_options})" if copy_options else ""
1006            tag = self.expressions(expression, key="tag", flat=True)
1007            tag = f" TAG {tag}" if tag else ""
1008
1009            return f"SET{exprs}{file_format}{copy_options}{tag}"
class Snowflake(sqlglot.dialects.dialect.Dialect):
 190class Snowflake(Dialect):
 191    # https://docs.snowflake.com/en/sql-reference/identifiers-syntax
 192    NORMALIZATION_STRATEGY = NormalizationStrategy.UPPERCASE
 193    NULL_ORDERING = "nulls_are_large"
 194    TIME_FORMAT = "'YYYY-MM-DD HH24:MI:SS'"
 195    SUPPORTS_USER_DEFINED_TYPES = False
 196    SUPPORTS_SEMI_ANTI_JOIN = False
 197    PREFER_CTE_ALIAS_COLUMN = True
 198    TABLESAMPLE_SIZE_IS_PERCENT = True
 199    COPY_PARAMS_ARE_CSV = False
 200
 201    TIME_MAPPING = {
 202        "YYYY": "%Y",
 203        "yyyy": "%Y",
 204        "YY": "%y",
 205        "yy": "%y",
 206        "MMMM": "%B",
 207        "mmmm": "%B",
 208        "MON": "%b",
 209        "mon": "%b",
 210        "MM": "%m",
 211        "mm": "%m",
 212        "DD": "%d",
 213        "dd": "%-d",
 214        "DY": "%a",
 215        "dy": "%w",
 216        "HH24": "%H",
 217        "hh24": "%H",
 218        "HH12": "%I",
 219        "hh12": "%I",
 220        "MI": "%M",
 221        "mi": "%M",
 222        "SS": "%S",
 223        "ss": "%S",
 224        "FF": "%f",
 225        "ff": "%f",
 226        "FF6": "%f",
 227        "ff6": "%f",
 228    }
 229
 230    def quote_identifier(self, expression: E, identify: bool = True) -> E:
 231        # This disables quoting DUAL in SELECT ... FROM DUAL, because Snowflake treats an
 232        # unquoted DUAL keyword in a special way and does not map it to a user-defined table
 233        if (
 234            isinstance(expression, exp.Identifier)
 235            and isinstance(expression.parent, exp.Table)
 236            and expression.name.lower() == "dual"
 237        ):
 238            return expression  # type: ignore
 239
 240        return super().quote_identifier(expression, identify=identify)
 241
 242    class Parser(parser.Parser):
 243        IDENTIFY_PIVOT_STRINGS = True
 244        DEFAULT_SAMPLING_METHOD = "BERNOULLI"
 245        COLON_IS_VARIANT_EXTRACT = True
 246
 247        ID_VAR_TOKENS = {
 248            *parser.Parser.ID_VAR_TOKENS,
 249            TokenType.MATCH_CONDITION,
 250        }
 251
 252        TABLE_ALIAS_TOKENS = parser.Parser.TABLE_ALIAS_TOKENS | {TokenType.WINDOW}
 253        TABLE_ALIAS_TOKENS.discard(TokenType.MATCH_CONDITION)
 254
 255        FUNCTIONS = {
 256            **parser.Parser.FUNCTIONS,
 257            "APPROX_PERCENTILE": exp.ApproxQuantile.from_arg_list,
 258            "ARRAYAGG": exp.ArrayAgg.from_arg_list,
 259            "ARRAY_CONSTRUCT": lambda args: exp.Array(expressions=args),
 260            "ARRAY_CONTAINS": lambda args: exp.ArrayContains(
 261                this=seq_get(args, 1), expression=seq_get(args, 0)
 262            ),
 263            "ARRAY_GENERATE_RANGE": lambda args: exp.GenerateSeries(
 264                # ARRAY_GENERATE_RANGE has an exlusive end; we normalize it to be inclusive
 265                start=seq_get(args, 0),
 266                end=exp.Sub(this=seq_get(args, 1), expression=exp.Literal.number(1)),
 267                step=seq_get(args, 2),
 268            ),
 269            "BITXOR": binary_from_function(exp.BitwiseXor),
 270            "BIT_XOR": binary_from_function(exp.BitwiseXor),
 271            "BOOLXOR": binary_from_function(exp.Xor),
 272            "CONVERT_TIMEZONE": _build_convert_timezone,
 273            "DATE": _build_datetime("DATE", exp.DataType.Type.DATE),
 274            "DATE_TRUNC": _date_trunc_to_time,
 275            "DATEADD": _build_date_time_add(exp.DateAdd),
 276            "DATEDIFF": _build_datediff,
 277            "DIV0": _build_if_from_div0,
 278            "FLATTEN": exp.Explode.from_arg_list,
 279            "GET_PATH": lambda args, dialect: exp.JSONExtract(
 280                this=seq_get(args, 0), expression=dialect.to_json_path(seq_get(args, 1))
 281            ),
 282            "IFF": exp.If.from_arg_list,
 283            "LAST_DAY": lambda args: exp.LastDay(
 284                this=seq_get(args, 0), unit=map_date_part(seq_get(args, 1))
 285            ),
 286            "LEN": lambda args: exp.Length(this=seq_get(args, 0), binary=True),
 287            "LENGTH": lambda args: exp.Length(this=seq_get(args, 0), binary=True),
 288            "LISTAGG": exp.GroupConcat.from_arg_list,
 289            "MEDIAN": lambda args: exp.PercentileCont(
 290                this=seq_get(args, 0), expression=exp.Literal.number(0.5)
 291            ),
 292            "NULLIFZERO": _build_if_from_nullifzero,
 293            "OBJECT_CONSTRUCT": _build_object_construct,
 294            "REGEXP_REPLACE": _build_regexp_replace,
 295            "REGEXP_SUBSTR": exp.RegexpExtract.from_arg_list,
 296            "RLIKE": exp.RegexpLike.from_arg_list,
 297            "SQUARE": lambda args: exp.Pow(this=seq_get(args, 0), expression=exp.Literal.number(2)),
 298            "TIMEADD": _build_date_time_add(exp.TimeAdd),
 299            "TIMEDIFF": _build_datediff,
 300            "TIMESTAMPADD": _build_date_time_add(exp.DateAdd),
 301            "TIMESTAMPDIFF": _build_datediff,
 302            "TIMESTAMPFROMPARTS": build_timestamp_from_parts,
 303            "TIMESTAMP_FROM_PARTS": build_timestamp_from_parts,
 304            "TRY_PARSE_JSON": lambda args: exp.ParseJSON(this=seq_get(args, 0), safe=True),
 305            "TRY_TO_DATE": _build_datetime("TRY_TO_DATE", exp.DataType.Type.DATE, safe=True),
 306            "TO_DATE": _build_datetime("TO_DATE", exp.DataType.Type.DATE),
 307            "TO_NUMBER": lambda args: exp.ToNumber(
 308                this=seq_get(args, 0),
 309                format=seq_get(args, 1),
 310                precision=seq_get(args, 2),
 311                scale=seq_get(args, 3),
 312            ),
 313            "TO_TIME": _build_datetime("TO_TIME", exp.DataType.Type.TIME),
 314            "TO_TIMESTAMP": _build_datetime("TO_TIMESTAMP", exp.DataType.Type.TIMESTAMP),
 315            "TO_TIMESTAMP_LTZ": _build_datetime("TO_TIMESTAMP_LTZ", exp.DataType.Type.TIMESTAMPLTZ),
 316            "TO_TIMESTAMP_NTZ": _build_datetime("TO_TIMESTAMP_NTZ", exp.DataType.Type.TIMESTAMP),
 317            "TO_TIMESTAMP_TZ": _build_datetime("TO_TIMESTAMP_TZ", exp.DataType.Type.TIMESTAMPTZ),
 318            "TO_VARCHAR": exp.ToChar.from_arg_list,
 319            "ZEROIFNULL": _build_if_from_zeroifnull,
 320        }
 321
 322        FUNCTION_PARSERS = {
 323            **parser.Parser.FUNCTION_PARSERS,
 324            "DATE_PART": lambda self: self._parse_date_part(),
 325            "OBJECT_CONSTRUCT_KEEP_NULL": lambda self: self._parse_json_object(),
 326        }
 327        FUNCTION_PARSERS.pop("TRIM")
 328
 329        TIMESTAMPS = parser.Parser.TIMESTAMPS - {TokenType.TIME}
 330
 331        RANGE_PARSERS = {
 332            **parser.Parser.RANGE_PARSERS,
 333            TokenType.LIKE_ANY: parser.binary_range_parser(exp.LikeAny),
 334            TokenType.ILIKE_ANY: parser.binary_range_parser(exp.ILikeAny),
 335        }
 336
 337        ALTER_PARSERS = {
 338            **parser.Parser.ALTER_PARSERS,
 339            "UNSET": lambda self: self.expression(
 340                exp.Set,
 341                tag=self._match_text_seq("TAG"),
 342                expressions=self._parse_csv(self._parse_id_var),
 343                unset=True,
 344            ),
 345            "SWAP": lambda self: self._parse_alter_table_swap(),
 346        }
 347
 348        STATEMENT_PARSERS = {
 349            **parser.Parser.STATEMENT_PARSERS,
 350            TokenType.SHOW: lambda self: self._parse_show(),
 351        }
 352
 353        PROPERTY_PARSERS = {
 354            **parser.Parser.PROPERTY_PARSERS,
 355            "LOCATION": lambda self: self._parse_location_property(),
 356        }
 357
 358        TYPE_CONVERTERS = {
 359            # https://docs.snowflake.com/en/sql-reference/data-types-numeric#number
 360            exp.DataType.Type.DECIMAL: build_default_decimal_type(precision=38, scale=0),
 361        }
 362
 363        SHOW_PARSERS = {
 364            "SCHEMAS": _show_parser("SCHEMAS"),
 365            "TERSE SCHEMAS": _show_parser("SCHEMAS"),
 366            "OBJECTS": _show_parser("OBJECTS"),
 367            "TERSE OBJECTS": _show_parser("OBJECTS"),
 368            "TABLES": _show_parser("TABLES"),
 369            "TERSE TABLES": _show_parser("TABLES"),
 370            "VIEWS": _show_parser("VIEWS"),
 371            "TERSE VIEWS": _show_parser("VIEWS"),
 372            "PRIMARY KEYS": _show_parser("PRIMARY KEYS"),
 373            "TERSE PRIMARY KEYS": _show_parser("PRIMARY KEYS"),
 374            "IMPORTED KEYS": _show_parser("IMPORTED KEYS"),
 375            "TERSE IMPORTED KEYS": _show_parser("IMPORTED KEYS"),
 376            "UNIQUE KEYS": _show_parser("UNIQUE KEYS"),
 377            "TERSE UNIQUE KEYS": _show_parser("UNIQUE KEYS"),
 378            "SEQUENCES": _show_parser("SEQUENCES"),
 379            "TERSE SEQUENCES": _show_parser("SEQUENCES"),
 380            "COLUMNS": _show_parser("COLUMNS"),
 381            "USERS": _show_parser("USERS"),
 382            "TERSE USERS": _show_parser("USERS"),
 383        }
 384
 385        CONSTRAINT_PARSERS = {
 386            **parser.Parser.CONSTRAINT_PARSERS,
 387            "WITH": lambda self: self._parse_with_constraint(),
 388            "MASKING": lambda self: self._parse_with_constraint(),
 389            "PROJECTION": lambda self: self._parse_with_constraint(),
 390            "TAG": lambda self: self._parse_with_constraint(),
 391        }
 392
 393        STAGED_FILE_SINGLE_TOKENS = {
 394            TokenType.DOT,
 395            TokenType.MOD,
 396            TokenType.SLASH,
 397        }
 398
 399        FLATTEN_COLUMNS = ["SEQ", "KEY", "PATH", "INDEX", "VALUE", "THIS"]
 400
 401        SCHEMA_KINDS = {"OBJECTS", "TABLES", "VIEWS", "SEQUENCES", "UNIQUE KEYS", "IMPORTED KEYS"}
 402
 403        NON_TABLE_CREATABLES = {"STORAGE INTEGRATION", "TAG", "WAREHOUSE", "STREAMLIT"}
 404
 405        LAMBDAS = {
 406            **parser.Parser.LAMBDAS,
 407            TokenType.ARROW: lambda self, expressions: self.expression(
 408                exp.Lambda,
 409                this=self._replace_lambda(
 410                    self._parse_assignment(),
 411                    expressions,
 412                ),
 413                expressions=[e.this if isinstance(e, exp.Cast) else e for e in expressions],
 414            ),
 415        }
 416
 417        def _parse_with_constraint(self) -> t.Optional[exp.Expression]:
 418            if self._prev.token_type != TokenType.WITH:
 419                self._retreat(self._index - 1)
 420
 421            if self._match_text_seq("MASKING", "POLICY"):
 422                policy = self._parse_column()
 423                return self.expression(
 424                    exp.MaskingPolicyColumnConstraint,
 425                    this=policy.to_dot() if isinstance(policy, exp.Column) else policy,
 426                    expressions=self._match(TokenType.USING)
 427                    and self._parse_wrapped_csv(self._parse_id_var),
 428                )
 429            if self._match_text_seq("PROJECTION", "POLICY"):
 430                policy = self._parse_column()
 431                return self.expression(
 432                    exp.ProjectionPolicyColumnConstraint,
 433                    this=policy.to_dot() if isinstance(policy, exp.Column) else policy,
 434                )
 435            if self._match(TokenType.TAG):
 436                return self.expression(
 437                    exp.TagColumnConstraint,
 438                    expressions=self._parse_wrapped_csv(self._parse_property),
 439                )
 440
 441            return None
 442
 443        def _parse_create(self) -> exp.Create | exp.Command:
 444            expression = super()._parse_create()
 445            if isinstance(expression, exp.Create) and expression.kind in self.NON_TABLE_CREATABLES:
 446                # Replace the Table node with the enclosed Identifier
 447                expression.this.replace(expression.this.this)
 448
 449            return expression
 450
 451        # https://docs.snowflake.com/en/sql-reference/functions/date_part.html
 452        # https://docs.snowflake.com/en/sql-reference/functions-date-time.html#label-supported-date-time-parts
 453        def _parse_date_part(self: Snowflake.Parser) -> t.Optional[exp.Expression]:
 454            this = self._parse_var() or self._parse_type()
 455
 456            if not this:
 457                return None
 458
 459            self._match(TokenType.COMMA)
 460            expression = self._parse_bitwise()
 461            this = map_date_part(this)
 462            name = this.name.upper()
 463
 464            if name.startswith("EPOCH"):
 465                if name == "EPOCH_MILLISECOND":
 466                    scale = 10**3
 467                elif name == "EPOCH_MICROSECOND":
 468                    scale = 10**6
 469                elif name == "EPOCH_NANOSECOND":
 470                    scale = 10**9
 471                else:
 472                    scale = None
 473
 474                ts = self.expression(exp.Cast, this=expression, to=exp.DataType.build("TIMESTAMP"))
 475                to_unix: exp.Expression = self.expression(exp.TimeToUnix, this=ts)
 476
 477                if scale:
 478                    to_unix = exp.Mul(this=to_unix, expression=exp.Literal.number(scale))
 479
 480                return to_unix
 481
 482            return self.expression(exp.Extract, this=this, expression=expression)
 483
 484        def _parse_bracket_key_value(self, is_map: bool = False) -> t.Optional[exp.Expression]:
 485            if is_map:
 486                # Keys are strings in Snowflake's objects, see also:
 487                # - https://docs.snowflake.com/en/sql-reference/data-types-semistructured
 488                # - https://docs.snowflake.com/en/sql-reference/functions/object_construct
 489                return self._parse_slice(self._parse_string())
 490
 491            return self._parse_slice(self._parse_alias(self._parse_assignment(), explicit=True))
 492
 493        def _parse_lateral(self) -> t.Optional[exp.Lateral]:
 494            lateral = super()._parse_lateral()
 495            if not lateral:
 496                return lateral
 497
 498            if isinstance(lateral.this, exp.Explode):
 499                table_alias = lateral.args.get("alias")
 500                columns = [exp.to_identifier(col) for col in self.FLATTEN_COLUMNS]
 501                if table_alias and not table_alias.args.get("columns"):
 502                    table_alias.set("columns", columns)
 503                elif not table_alias:
 504                    exp.alias_(lateral, "_flattened", table=columns, copy=False)
 505
 506            return lateral
 507
 508        def _parse_table_parts(
 509            self, schema: bool = False, is_db_reference: bool = False, wildcard: bool = False
 510        ) -> exp.Table:
 511            # https://docs.snowflake.com/en/user-guide/querying-stage
 512            if self._match(TokenType.STRING, advance=False):
 513                table = self._parse_string()
 514            elif self._match_text_seq("@", advance=False):
 515                table = self._parse_location_path()
 516            else:
 517                table = None
 518
 519            if table:
 520                file_format = None
 521                pattern = None
 522
 523                wrapped = self._match(TokenType.L_PAREN)
 524                while self._curr and wrapped and not self._match(TokenType.R_PAREN):
 525                    if self._match_text_seq("FILE_FORMAT", "=>"):
 526                        file_format = self._parse_string() or super()._parse_table_parts(
 527                            is_db_reference=is_db_reference
 528                        )
 529                    elif self._match_text_seq("PATTERN", "=>"):
 530                        pattern = self._parse_string()
 531                    else:
 532                        break
 533
 534                    self._match(TokenType.COMMA)
 535
 536                table = self.expression(exp.Table, this=table, format=file_format, pattern=pattern)
 537            else:
 538                table = super()._parse_table_parts(schema=schema, is_db_reference=is_db_reference)
 539
 540            return table
 541
 542        def _parse_id_var(
 543            self,
 544            any_token: bool = True,
 545            tokens: t.Optional[t.Collection[TokenType]] = None,
 546        ) -> t.Optional[exp.Expression]:
 547            if self._match_text_seq("IDENTIFIER", "("):
 548                identifier = (
 549                    super()._parse_id_var(any_token=any_token, tokens=tokens)
 550                    or self._parse_string()
 551                )
 552                self._match_r_paren()
 553                return self.expression(exp.Anonymous, this="IDENTIFIER", expressions=[identifier])
 554
 555            return super()._parse_id_var(any_token=any_token, tokens=tokens)
 556
 557        def _parse_show_snowflake(self, this: str) -> exp.Show:
 558            scope = None
 559            scope_kind = None
 560
 561            # will identity SHOW TERSE SCHEMAS but not SHOW TERSE PRIMARY KEYS
 562            # which is syntactically valid but has no effect on the output
 563            terse = self._tokens[self._index - 2].text.upper() == "TERSE"
 564
 565            history = self._match_text_seq("HISTORY")
 566
 567            like = self._parse_string() if self._match(TokenType.LIKE) else None
 568
 569            if self._match(TokenType.IN):
 570                if self._match_text_seq("ACCOUNT"):
 571                    scope_kind = "ACCOUNT"
 572                elif self._match_set(self.DB_CREATABLES):
 573                    scope_kind = self._prev.text.upper()
 574                    if self._curr:
 575                        scope = self._parse_table_parts()
 576                elif self._curr:
 577                    scope_kind = "SCHEMA" if this in self.SCHEMA_KINDS else "TABLE"
 578                    scope = self._parse_table_parts()
 579
 580            return self.expression(
 581                exp.Show,
 582                **{
 583                    "terse": terse,
 584                    "this": this,
 585                    "history": history,
 586                    "like": like,
 587                    "scope": scope,
 588                    "scope_kind": scope_kind,
 589                    "starts_with": self._match_text_seq("STARTS", "WITH") and self._parse_string(),
 590                    "limit": self._parse_limit(),
 591                    "from": self._parse_string() if self._match(TokenType.FROM) else None,
 592                },
 593            )
 594
 595        def _parse_alter_table_swap(self) -> exp.SwapTable:
 596            self._match_text_seq("WITH")
 597            return self.expression(exp.SwapTable, this=self._parse_table(schema=True))
 598
 599        def _parse_location_property(self) -> exp.LocationProperty:
 600            self._match(TokenType.EQ)
 601            return self.expression(exp.LocationProperty, this=self._parse_location_path())
 602
 603        def _parse_file_location(self) -> t.Optional[exp.Expression]:
 604            # Parse either a subquery or a staged file
 605            return (
 606                self._parse_select(table=True, parse_subquery_alias=False)
 607                if self._match(TokenType.L_PAREN, advance=False)
 608                else self._parse_table_parts()
 609            )
 610
 611        def _parse_location_path(self) -> exp.Var:
 612            parts = [self._advance_any(ignore_reserved=True)]
 613
 614            # We avoid consuming a comma token because external tables like @foo and @bar
 615            # can be joined in a query with a comma separator, as well as closing paren
 616            # in case of subqueries
 617            while self._is_connected() and not self._match_set(
 618                (TokenType.COMMA, TokenType.L_PAREN, TokenType.R_PAREN), advance=False
 619            ):
 620                parts.append(self._advance_any(ignore_reserved=True))
 621
 622            return exp.var("".join(part.text for part in parts if part))
 623
 624        def _parse_lambda_arg(self) -> t.Optional[exp.Expression]:
 625            this = super()._parse_lambda_arg()
 626
 627            if not this:
 628                return this
 629
 630            typ = self._parse_types()
 631
 632            if typ:
 633                return self.expression(exp.Cast, this=this, to=typ)
 634
 635            return this
 636
 637    class Tokenizer(tokens.Tokenizer):
 638        STRING_ESCAPES = ["\\", "'"]
 639        HEX_STRINGS = [("x'", "'"), ("X'", "'")]
 640        RAW_STRINGS = ["$$"]
 641        COMMENTS = ["--", "//", ("/*", "*/")]
 642
 643        KEYWORDS = {
 644            **tokens.Tokenizer.KEYWORDS,
 645            "BYTEINT": TokenType.INT,
 646            "CHAR VARYING": TokenType.VARCHAR,
 647            "CHARACTER VARYING": TokenType.VARCHAR,
 648            "EXCLUDE": TokenType.EXCEPT,
 649            "ILIKE ANY": TokenType.ILIKE_ANY,
 650            "LIKE ANY": TokenType.LIKE_ANY,
 651            "MATCH_CONDITION": TokenType.MATCH_CONDITION,
 652            "MATCH_RECOGNIZE": TokenType.MATCH_RECOGNIZE,
 653            "MINUS": TokenType.EXCEPT,
 654            "NCHAR VARYING": TokenType.VARCHAR,
 655            "PUT": TokenType.COMMAND,
 656            "REMOVE": TokenType.COMMAND,
 657            "RM": TokenType.COMMAND,
 658            "SAMPLE": TokenType.TABLE_SAMPLE,
 659            "SQL_DOUBLE": TokenType.DOUBLE,
 660            "SQL_VARCHAR": TokenType.VARCHAR,
 661            "STORAGE INTEGRATION": TokenType.STORAGE_INTEGRATION,
 662            "TAG": TokenType.TAG,
 663            "TIMESTAMP_TZ": TokenType.TIMESTAMPTZ,
 664            "TOP": TokenType.TOP,
 665            "WAREHOUSE": TokenType.WAREHOUSE,
 666            "STREAMLIT": TokenType.STREAMLIT,
 667        }
 668        KEYWORDS.pop("/*+")
 669
 670        SINGLE_TOKENS = {
 671            **tokens.Tokenizer.SINGLE_TOKENS,
 672            "$": TokenType.PARAMETER,
 673        }
 674
 675        VAR_SINGLE_TOKENS = {"$"}
 676
 677        COMMANDS = tokens.Tokenizer.COMMANDS - {TokenType.SHOW}
 678
 679    class Generator(generator.Generator):
 680        PARAMETER_TOKEN = "$"
 681        MATCHED_BY_SOURCE = False
 682        SINGLE_STRING_INTERVAL = True
 683        JOIN_HINTS = False
 684        TABLE_HINTS = False
 685        QUERY_HINTS = False
 686        AGGREGATE_FILTER_SUPPORTED = False
 687        SUPPORTS_TABLE_COPY = False
 688        COLLATE_IS_FUNC = True
 689        LIMIT_ONLY_LITERALS = True
 690        JSON_KEY_VALUE_PAIR_SEP = ","
 691        INSERT_OVERWRITE = " OVERWRITE INTO"
 692        STRUCT_DELIMITER = ("(", ")")
 693        COPY_PARAMS_ARE_WRAPPED = False
 694        COPY_PARAMS_EQ_REQUIRED = True
 695        STAR_EXCEPT = "EXCLUDE"
 696        SUPPORTS_EXPLODING_PROJECTIONS = False
 697        ARRAY_CONCAT_IS_VAR_LEN = False
 698
 699        TRANSFORMS = {
 700            **generator.Generator.TRANSFORMS,
 701            exp.ApproxDistinct: rename_func("APPROX_COUNT_DISTINCT"),
 702            exp.ArgMax: rename_func("MAX_BY"),
 703            exp.ArgMin: rename_func("MIN_BY"),
 704            exp.Array: inline_array_sql,
 705            exp.ArrayConcat: lambda self, e: self.arrayconcat_sql(e, name="ARRAY_CAT"),
 706            exp.ArrayContains: lambda self, e: self.func("ARRAY_CONTAINS", e.expression, e.this),
 707            exp.AtTimeZone: lambda self, e: self.func(
 708                "CONVERT_TIMEZONE", e.args.get("zone"), e.this
 709            ),
 710            exp.BitwiseXor: rename_func("BITXOR"),
 711            exp.Create: transforms.preprocess([_flatten_structured_types_unless_iceberg]),
 712            exp.DateAdd: date_delta_sql("DATEADD"),
 713            exp.DateDiff: date_delta_sql("DATEDIFF"),
 714            exp.DateStrToDate: datestrtodate_sql,
 715            exp.DayOfMonth: rename_func("DAYOFMONTH"),
 716            exp.DayOfWeek: rename_func("DAYOFWEEK"),
 717            exp.DayOfYear: rename_func("DAYOFYEAR"),
 718            exp.Explode: rename_func("FLATTEN"),
 719            exp.Extract: rename_func("DATE_PART"),
 720            exp.FromTimeZone: lambda self, e: self.func(
 721                "CONVERT_TIMEZONE", e.args.get("zone"), "'UTC'", e.this
 722            ),
 723            exp.GenerateSeries: lambda self, e: self.func(
 724                "ARRAY_GENERATE_RANGE", e.args["start"], e.args["end"] + 1, e.args.get("step")
 725            ),
 726            exp.GroupConcat: rename_func("LISTAGG"),
 727            exp.If: if_sql(name="IFF", false_value="NULL"),
 728            exp.JSONExtract: lambda self, e: self.func("GET_PATH", e.this, e.expression),
 729            exp.JSONExtractScalar: lambda self, e: self.func(
 730                "JSON_EXTRACT_PATH_TEXT", e.this, e.expression
 731            ),
 732            exp.JSONObject: lambda self, e: self.func("OBJECT_CONSTRUCT_KEEP_NULL", *e.expressions),
 733            exp.JSONPathRoot: lambda *_: "",
 734            exp.LogicalAnd: rename_func("BOOLAND_AGG"),
 735            exp.LogicalOr: rename_func("BOOLOR_AGG"),
 736            exp.Map: lambda self, e: var_map_sql(self, e, "OBJECT_CONSTRUCT"),
 737            exp.Max: max_or_greatest,
 738            exp.Min: min_or_least,
 739            exp.ParseJSON: lambda self, e: self.func(
 740                "TRY_PARSE_JSON" if e.args.get("safe") else "PARSE_JSON", e.this
 741            ),
 742            exp.PartitionedByProperty: lambda self, e: f"PARTITION BY {self.sql(e, 'this')}",
 743            exp.PercentileCont: transforms.preprocess(
 744                [transforms.add_within_group_for_percentiles]
 745            ),
 746            exp.PercentileDisc: transforms.preprocess(
 747                [transforms.add_within_group_for_percentiles]
 748            ),
 749            exp.Pivot: transforms.preprocess([_unqualify_unpivot_columns]),
 750            exp.RegexpILike: _regexpilike_sql,
 751            exp.Rand: rename_func("RANDOM"),
 752            exp.Select: transforms.preprocess(
 753                [
 754                    transforms.eliminate_distinct_on,
 755                    transforms.explode_to_unnest(),
 756                    transforms.eliminate_semi_and_anti_joins,
 757                ]
 758            ),
 759            exp.SHA: rename_func("SHA1"),
 760            exp.StarMap: rename_func("OBJECT_CONSTRUCT"),
 761            exp.StartsWith: rename_func("STARTSWITH"),
 762            exp.StrPosition: lambda self, e: self.func(
 763                "POSITION", e.args.get("substr"), e.this, e.args.get("position")
 764            ),
 765            exp.StrToTime: lambda self, e: self.func("TO_TIMESTAMP", e.this, self.format_time(e)),
 766            exp.Stuff: rename_func("INSERT"),
 767            exp.TimeAdd: date_delta_sql("TIMEADD"),
 768            exp.TimestampDiff: lambda self, e: self.func(
 769                "TIMESTAMPDIFF", e.unit, e.expression, e.this
 770            ),
 771            exp.TimestampTrunc: timestamptrunc_sql(),
 772            exp.TimeStrToTime: timestrtotime_sql,
 773            exp.TimeToStr: lambda self, e: self.func(
 774                "TO_CHAR", exp.cast(e.this, exp.DataType.Type.TIMESTAMP), self.format_time(e)
 775            ),
 776            exp.TimeToUnix: lambda self, e: f"EXTRACT(epoch_second FROM {self.sql(e, 'this')})",
 777            exp.ToArray: rename_func("TO_ARRAY"),
 778            exp.ToChar: lambda self, e: self.function_fallback_sql(e),
 779            exp.Trim: lambda self, e: self.func("TRIM", e.this, e.expression),
 780            exp.TsOrDsAdd: date_delta_sql("DATEADD", cast=True),
 781            exp.TsOrDsDiff: date_delta_sql("DATEDIFF"),
 782            exp.TsOrDsToDate: lambda self, e: self.func(
 783                "TRY_TO_DATE" if e.args.get("safe") else "TO_DATE", e.this, self.format_time(e)
 784            ),
 785            exp.UnixToTime: rename_func("TO_TIMESTAMP"),
 786            exp.VarMap: lambda self, e: var_map_sql(self, e, "OBJECT_CONSTRUCT"),
 787            exp.WeekOfYear: rename_func("WEEKOFYEAR"),
 788            exp.Xor: rename_func("BOOLXOR"),
 789        }
 790
 791        SUPPORTED_JSON_PATH_PARTS = {
 792            exp.JSONPathKey,
 793            exp.JSONPathRoot,
 794            exp.JSONPathSubscript,
 795        }
 796
 797        TYPE_MAPPING = {
 798            **generator.Generator.TYPE_MAPPING,
 799            exp.DataType.Type.NESTED: "OBJECT",
 800            exp.DataType.Type.STRUCT: "OBJECT",
 801        }
 802
 803        PROPERTIES_LOCATION = {
 804            **generator.Generator.PROPERTIES_LOCATION,
 805            exp.SetProperty: exp.Properties.Location.UNSUPPORTED,
 806            exp.VolatileProperty: exp.Properties.Location.UNSUPPORTED,
 807        }
 808
 809        UNSUPPORTED_VALUES_EXPRESSIONS = {
 810            exp.Map,
 811            exp.StarMap,
 812            exp.Struct,
 813            exp.VarMap,
 814        }
 815
 816        def with_properties(self, properties: exp.Properties) -> str:
 817            return self.properties(properties, wrapped=False, prefix=self.sep(""), sep=" ")
 818
 819        def values_sql(self, expression: exp.Values, values_as_table: bool = True) -> str:
 820            if expression.find(*self.UNSUPPORTED_VALUES_EXPRESSIONS):
 821                values_as_table = False
 822
 823            return super().values_sql(expression, values_as_table=values_as_table)
 824
 825        def datatype_sql(self, expression: exp.DataType) -> str:
 826            expressions = expression.expressions
 827            if (
 828                expressions
 829                and expression.is_type(*exp.DataType.STRUCT_TYPES)
 830                and any(isinstance(field_type, exp.DataType) for field_type in expressions)
 831            ):
 832                # The correct syntax is OBJECT [ (<key> <value_type [NOT NULL] [, ...]) ]
 833                return "OBJECT"
 834
 835            return super().datatype_sql(expression)
 836
 837        def tonumber_sql(self, expression: exp.ToNumber) -> str:
 838            return self.func(
 839                "TO_NUMBER",
 840                expression.this,
 841                expression.args.get("format"),
 842                expression.args.get("precision"),
 843                expression.args.get("scale"),
 844            )
 845
 846        def timestampfromparts_sql(self, expression: exp.TimestampFromParts) -> str:
 847            milli = expression.args.get("milli")
 848            if milli is not None:
 849                milli_to_nano = milli.pop() * exp.Literal.number(1000000)
 850                expression.set("nano", milli_to_nano)
 851
 852            return rename_func("TIMESTAMP_FROM_PARTS")(self, expression)
 853
 854        def trycast_sql(self, expression: exp.TryCast) -> str:
 855            value = expression.this
 856
 857            if value.type is None:
 858                from sqlglot.optimizer.annotate_types import annotate_types
 859
 860                value = annotate_types(value)
 861
 862            if value.is_type(*exp.DataType.TEXT_TYPES, exp.DataType.Type.UNKNOWN):
 863                return super().trycast_sql(expression)
 864
 865            # TRY_CAST only works for string values in Snowflake
 866            return self.cast_sql(expression)
 867
 868        def log_sql(self, expression: exp.Log) -> str:
 869            if not expression.expression:
 870                return self.func("LN", expression.this)
 871
 872            return super().log_sql(expression)
 873
 874        def unnest_sql(self, expression: exp.Unnest) -> str:
 875            unnest_alias = expression.args.get("alias")
 876            offset = expression.args.get("offset")
 877
 878            columns = [
 879                exp.to_identifier("seq"),
 880                exp.to_identifier("key"),
 881                exp.to_identifier("path"),
 882                offset.pop() if isinstance(offset, exp.Expression) else exp.to_identifier("index"),
 883                seq_get(unnest_alias.columns if unnest_alias else [], 0)
 884                or exp.to_identifier("value"),
 885                exp.to_identifier("this"),
 886            ]
 887
 888            if unnest_alias:
 889                unnest_alias.set("columns", columns)
 890            else:
 891                unnest_alias = exp.TableAlias(this="_u", columns=columns)
 892
 893            explode = f"TABLE(FLATTEN(INPUT => {self.sql(expression.expressions[0])}))"
 894            alias = self.sql(unnest_alias)
 895            alias = f" AS {alias}" if alias else ""
 896            return f"{explode}{alias}"
 897
 898        def show_sql(self, expression: exp.Show) -> str:
 899            terse = "TERSE " if expression.args.get("terse") else ""
 900            history = " HISTORY" if expression.args.get("history") else ""
 901            like = self.sql(expression, "like")
 902            like = f" LIKE {like}" if like else ""
 903
 904            scope = self.sql(expression, "scope")
 905            scope = f" {scope}" if scope else ""
 906
 907            scope_kind = self.sql(expression, "scope_kind")
 908            if scope_kind:
 909                scope_kind = f" IN {scope_kind}"
 910
 911            starts_with = self.sql(expression, "starts_with")
 912            if starts_with:
 913                starts_with = f" STARTS WITH {starts_with}"
 914
 915            limit = self.sql(expression, "limit")
 916
 917            from_ = self.sql(expression, "from")
 918            if from_:
 919                from_ = f" FROM {from_}"
 920
 921            return f"SHOW {terse}{expression.name}{history}{like}{scope_kind}{scope}{starts_with}{limit}{from_}"
 922
 923        def regexpextract_sql(self, expression: exp.RegexpExtract) -> str:
 924            # Other dialects don't support all of the following parameters, so we need to
 925            # generate default values as necessary to ensure the transpilation is correct
 926            group = expression.args.get("group")
 927            parameters = expression.args.get("parameters") or (group and exp.Literal.string("c"))
 928            occurrence = expression.args.get("occurrence") or (parameters and exp.Literal.number(1))
 929            position = expression.args.get("position") or (occurrence and exp.Literal.number(1))
 930
 931            return self.func(
 932                "REGEXP_SUBSTR",
 933                expression.this,
 934                expression.expression,
 935                position,
 936                occurrence,
 937                parameters,
 938                group,
 939            )
 940
 941        def except_op(self, expression: exp.Except) -> str:
 942            if not expression.args.get("distinct"):
 943                self.unsupported("EXCEPT with All is not supported in Snowflake")
 944            return super().except_op(expression)
 945
 946        def intersect_op(self, expression: exp.Intersect) -> str:
 947            if not expression.args.get("distinct"):
 948                self.unsupported("INTERSECT with All is not supported in Snowflake")
 949            return super().intersect_op(expression)
 950
 951        def describe_sql(self, expression: exp.Describe) -> str:
 952            # Default to table if kind is unknown
 953            kind_value = expression.args.get("kind") or "TABLE"
 954            kind = f" {kind_value}" if kind_value else ""
 955            this = f" {self.sql(expression, 'this')}"
 956            expressions = self.expressions(expression, flat=True)
 957            expressions = f" {expressions}" if expressions else ""
 958            return f"DESCRIBE{kind}{this}{expressions}"
 959
 960        def generatedasidentitycolumnconstraint_sql(
 961            self, expression: exp.GeneratedAsIdentityColumnConstraint
 962        ) -> str:
 963            start = expression.args.get("start")
 964            start = f" START {start}" if start else ""
 965            increment = expression.args.get("increment")
 966            increment = f" INCREMENT {increment}" if increment else ""
 967            return f"AUTOINCREMENT{start}{increment}"
 968
 969        def swaptable_sql(self, expression: exp.SwapTable) -> str:
 970            this = self.sql(expression, "this")
 971            return f"SWAP WITH {this}"
 972
 973        def cluster_sql(self, expression: exp.Cluster) -> str:
 974            return f"CLUSTER BY ({self.expressions(expression, flat=True)})"
 975
 976        def struct_sql(self, expression: exp.Struct) -> str:
 977            keys = []
 978            values = []
 979
 980            for i, e in enumerate(expression.expressions):
 981                if isinstance(e, exp.PropertyEQ):
 982                    keys.append(
 983                        exp.Literal.string(e.name) if isinstance(e.this, exp.Identifier) else e.this
 984                    )
 985                    values.append(e.expression)
 986                else:
 987                    keys.append(exp.Literal.string(f"_{i}"))
 988                    values.append(e)
 989
 990            return self.func("OBJECT_CONSTRUCT", *flatten(zip(keys, values)))
 991
 992        def approxquantile_sql(self, expression: exp.ApproxQuantile) -> str:
 993            if expression.args.get("weight") or expression.args.get("accuracy"):
 994                self.unsupported(
 995                    "APPROX_PERCENTILE with weight and/or accuracy arguments are not supported in Snowflake"
 996                )
 997
 998            return self.func("APPROX_PERCENTILE", expression.this, expression.args.get("quantile"))
 999
1000        def alterset_sql(self, expression: exp.AlterSet) -> str:
1001            exprs = self.expressions(expression, flat=True)
1002            exprs = f" {exprs}" if exprs else ""
1003            file_format = self.expressions(expression, key="file_format", flat=True, sep=" ")
1004            file_format = f" STAGE_FILE_FORMAT = ({file_format})" if file_format else ""
1005            copy_options = self.expressions(expression, key="copy_options", flat=True, sep=" ")
1006            copy_options = f" STAGE_COPY_OPTIONS = ({copy_options})" if copy_options else ""
1007            tag = self.expressions(expression, key="tag", flat=True)
1008            tag = f" TAG {tag}" if tag else ""
1009
1010            return f"SET{exprs}{file_format}{copy_options}{tag}"
NORMALIZATION_STRATEGY = <NormalizationStrategy.UPPERCASE: 'UPPERCASE'>

Specifies the strategy according to which identifiers should be normalized.

NULL_ORDERING = 'nulls_are_large'

Default NULL ordering method to use if not explicitly set. Possible values: "nulls_are_small", "nulls_are_large", "nulls_are_last"

TIME_FORMAT = "'YYYY-MM-DD HH24:MI:SS'"
SUPPORTS_USER_DEFINED_TYPES = False

Whether user-defined data types are supported.

SUPPORTS_SEMI_ANTI_JOIN = False

Whether SEMI or ANTI joins are supported.

PREFER_CTE_ALIAS_COLUMN = True

Some dialects, such as Snowflake, allow you to reference a CTE column alias in the HAVING clause of the CTE. This flag will cause the CTE alias columns to override any projection aliases in the subquery.

For example, WITH y(c) AS ( SELECT SUM(a) FROM (SELECT 1 a) AS x HAVING c > 0 ) SELECT c FROM y;

will be rewritten as

WITH y(c) AS (
    SELECT SUM(a) AS c FROM (SELECT 1 AS a) AS x HAVING c > 0
) SELECT c FROM y;
TABLESAMPLE_SIZE_IS_PERCENT = True

Whether a size in the table sample clause represents percentage.

COPY_PARAMS_ARE_CSV = False

Whether COPY statement parameters are separated by comma or whitespace

TIME_MAPPING: Dict[str, str] = {'YYYY': '%Y', 'yyyy': '%Y', 'YY': '%y', 'yy': '%y', 'MMMM': '%B', 'mmmm': '%B', 'MON': '%b', 'mon': '%b', 'MM': '%m', 'mm': '%m', 'DD': '%d', 'dd': '%-d', 'DY': '%a', 'dy': '%w', 'HH24': '%H', 'hh24': '%H', 'HH12': '%I', 'hh12': '%I', 'MI': '%M', 'mi': '%M', 'SS': '%S', 'ss': '%S', 'FF': '%f', 'ff': '%f', 'FF6': '%f', 'ff6': '%f'}

Associates this dialect's time formats with their equivalent Python strftime formats.

def quote_identifier(self, expression: ~E, identify: bool = True) -> ~E:
230    def quote_identifier(self, expression: E, identify: bool = True) -> E:
231        # This disables quoting DUAL in SELECT ... FROM DUAL, because Snowflake treats an
232        # unquoted DUAL keyword in a special way and does not map it to a user-defined table
233        if (
234            isinstance(expression, exp.Identifier)
235            and isinstance(expression.parent, exp.Table)
236            and expression.name.lower() == "dual"
237        ):
238            return expression  # type: ignore
239
240        return super().quote_identifier(expression, identify=identify)

Adds quotes to a given identifier.

Arguments:
  • expression: The expression of interest. If it's not an Identifier, this method is a no-op.
  • identify: If set to False, the quotes will only be added if the identifier is deemed "unsafe", with respect to its characters and this dialect's normalization strategy.
SUPPORTS_COLUMN_JOIN_MARKS = False

Whether the old-style outer join (+) syntax is supported.

UNESCAPED_SEQUENCES: Dict[str, str] = {'\\a': '\x07', '\\b': '\x08', '\\f': '\x0c', '\\n': '\n', '\\r': '\r', '\\t': '\t', '\\v': '\x0b', '\\\\': '\\'}

Mapping of an escaped sequence (\n) to its unescaped version ( ).

tokenizer_class = <class 'Snowflake.Tokenizer'>
jsonpath_tokenizer_class = <class 'sqlglot.tokens.JSONPathTokenizer'>
parser_class = <class 'Snowflake.Parser'>
generator_class = <class 'Snowflake.Generator'>
TIME_TRIE: Dict = {'Y': {'Y': {'Y': {'Y': {0: True}}, 0: True}}, 'y': {'y': {'y': {'y': {0: True}}, 0: True}}, 'M': {'M': {'M': {'M': {0: True}}, 0: True}, 'O': {'N': {0: True}}, 'I': {0: True}}, 'm': {'m': {'m': {'m': {0: True}}, 0: True}, 'o': {'n': {0: True}}, 'i': {0: True}}, 'D': {'D': {0: True}, 'Y': {0: True}}, 'd': {'d': {0: True}, 'y': {0: True}}, 'H': {'H': {'2': {'4': {0: True}}, '1': {'2': {0: True}}}}, 'h': {'h': {'2': {'4': {0: True}}, '1': {'2': {0: True}}}}, 'S': {'S': {0: True}}, 's': {'s': {0: True}}, 'F': {'F': {0: True, '6': {0: True}}}, 'f': {'f': {0: True, '6': {0: True}}}}
FORMAT_TRIE: Dict = {'Y': {'Y': {'Y': {'Y': {0: True}}, 0: True}}, 'y': {'y': {'y': {'y': {0: True}}, 0: True}}, 'M': {'M': {'M': {'M': {0: True}}, 0: True}, 'O': {'N': {0: True}}, 'I': {0: True}}, 'm': {'m': {'m': {'m': {0: True}}, 0: True}, 'o': {'n': {0: True}}, 'i': {0: True}}, 'D': {'D': {0: True}, 'Y': {0: True}}, 'd': {'d': {0: True}, 'y': {0: True}}, 'H': {'H': {'2': {'4': {0: True}}, '1': {'2': {0: True}}}}, 'h': {'h': {'2': {'4': {0: True}}, '1': {'2': {0: True}}}}, 'S': {'S': {0: True}}, 's': {'s': {0: True}}, 'F': {'F': {0: True, '6': {0: True}}}, 'f': {'f': {0: True, '6': {0: True}}}}
INVERSE_TIME_MAPPING: Dict[str, str] = {'%Y': 'yyyy', '%y': 'yy', '%B': 'mmmm', '%b': 'mon', '%m': 'mm', '%d': 'DD', '%-d': 'dd', '%a': 'DY', '%w': 'dy', '%H': 'hh24', '%I': 'hh12', '%M': 'mi', '%S': 'ss', '%f': 'ff6'}
INVERSE_TIME_TRIE: Dict = {'%': {'Y': {0: True}, 'y': {0: True}, 'B': {0: True}, 'b': {0: True}, 'm': {0: True}, 'd': {0: True}, '-': {'d': {0: True}}, 'a': {0: True}, 'w': {0: True}, 'H': {0: True}, 'I': {0: True}, 'M': {0: True}, 'S': {0: True}, 'f': {0: True}}}
INVERSE_FORMAT_MAPPING: Dict[str, str] = {}
INVERSE_FORMAT_TRIE: Dict = {}
ESCAPED_SEQUENCES: Dict[str, str] = {'\x07': '\\a', '\x08': '\\b', '\x0c': '\\f', '\n': '\\n', '\r': '\\r', '\t': '\\t', '\x0b': '\\v', '\\': '\\\\'}
QUOTE_START = "'"
QUOTE_END = "'"
IDENTIFIER_START = '"'
IDENTIFIER_END = '"'
BIT_START: Optional[str] = None
BIT_END: Optional[str] = None
HEX_START: Optional[str] = "x'"
HEX_END: Optional[str] = "'"
BYTE_START: Optional[str] = None
BYTE_END: Optional[str] = None
UNICODE_START: Optional[str] = None
UNICODE_END: Optional[str] = None
class Snowflake.Parser(sqlglot.parser.Parser):
242    class Parser(parser.Parser):
243        IDENTIFY_PIVOT_STRINGS = True
244        DEFAULT_SAMPLING_METHOD = "BERNOULLI"
245        COLON_IS_VARIANT_EXTRACT = True
246
247        ID_VAR_TOKENS = {
248            *parser.Parser.ID_VAR_TOKENS,
249            TokenType.MATCH_CONDITION,
250        }
251
252        TABLE_ALIAS_TOKENS = parser.Parser.TABLE_ALIAS_TOKENS | {TokenType.WINDOW}
253        TABLE_ALIAS_TOKENS.discard(TokenType.MATCH_CONDITION)
254
255        FUNCTIONS = {
256            **parser.Parser.FUNCTIONS,
257            "APPROX_PERCENTILE": exp.ApproxQuantile.from_arg_list,
258            "ARRAYAGG": exp.ArrayAgg.from_arg_list,
259            "ARRAY_CONSTRUCT": lambda args: exp.Array(expressions=args),
260            "ARRAY_CONTAINS": lambda args: exp.ArrayContains(
261                this=seq_get(args, 1), expression=seq_get(args, 0)
262            ),
263            "ARRAY_GENERATE_RANGE": lambda args: exp.GenerateSeries(
264                # ARRAY_GENERATE_RANGE has an exlusive end; we normalize it to be inclusive
265                start=seq_get(args, 0),
266                end=exp.Sub(this=seq_get(args, 1), expression=exp.Literal.number(1)),
267                step=seq_get(args, 2),
268            ),
269            "BITXOR": binary_from_function(exp.BitwiseXor),
270            "BIT_XOR": binary_from_function(exp.BitwiseXor),
271            "BOOLXOR": binary_from_function(exp.Xor),
272            "CONVERT_TIMEZONE": _build_convert_timezone,
273            "DATE": _build_datetime("DATE", exp.DataType.Type.DATE),
274            "DATE_TRUNC": _date_trunc_to_time,
275            "DATEADD": _build_date_time_add(exp.DateAdd),
276            "DATEDIFF": _build_datediff,
277            "DIV0": _build_if_from_div0,
278            "FLATTEN": exp.Explode.from_arg_list,
279            "GET_PATH": lambda args, dialect: exp.JSONExtract(
280                this=seq_get(args, 0), expression=dialect.to_json_path(seq_get(args, 1))
281            ),
282            "IFF": exp.If.from_arg_list,
283            "LAST_DAY": lambda args: exp.LastDay(
284                this=seq_get(args, 0), unit=map_date_part(seq_get(args, 1))
285            ),
286            "LEN": lambda args: exp.Length(this=seq_get(args, 0), binary=True),
287            "LENGTH": lambda args: exp.Length(this=seq_get(args, 0), binary=True),
288            "LISTAGG": exp.GroupConcat.from_arg_list,
289            "MEDIAN": lambda args: exp.PercentileCont(
290                this=seq_get(args, 0), expression=exp.Literal.number(0.5)
291            ),
292            "NULLIFZERO": _build_if_from_nullifzero,
293            "OBJECT_CONSTRUCT": _build_object_construct,
294            "REGEXP_REPLACE": _build_regexp_replace,
295            "REGEXP_SUBSTR": exp.RegexpExtract.from_arg_list,
296            "RLIKE": exp.RegexpLike.from_arg_list,
297            "SQUARE": lambda args: exp.Pow(this=seq_get(args, 0), expression=exp.Literal.number(2)),
298            "TIMEADD": _build_date_time_add(exp.TimeAdd),
299            "TIMEDIFF": _build_datediff,
300            "TIMESTAMPADD": _build_date_time_add(exp.DateAdd),
301            "TIMESTAMPDIFF": _build_datediff,
302            "TIMESTAMPFROMPARTS": build_timestamp_from_parts,
303            "TIMESTAMP_FROM_PARTS": build_timestamp_from_parts,
304            "TRY_PARSE_JSON": lambda args: exp.ParseJSON(this=seq_get(args, 0), safe=True),
305            "TRY_TO_DATE": _build_datetime("TRY_TO_DATE", exp.DataType.Type.DATE, safe=True),
306            "TO_DATE": _build_datetime("TO_DATE", exp.DataType.Type.DATE),
307            "TO_NUMBER": lambda args: exp.ToNumber(
308                this=seq_get(args, 0),
309                format=seq_get(args, 1),
310                precision=seq_get(args, 2),
311                scale=seq_get(args, 3),
312            ),
313            "TO_TIME": _build_datetime("TO_TIME", exp.DataType.Type.TIME),
314            "TO_TIMESTAMP": _build_datetime("TO_TIMESTAMP", exp.DataType.Type.TIMESTAMP),
315            "TO_TIMESTAMP_LTZ": _build_datetime("TO_TIMESTAMP_LTZ", exp.DataType.Type.TIMESTAMPLTZ),
316            "TO_TIMESTAMP_NTZ": _build_datetime("TO_TIMESTAMP_NTZ", exp.DataType.Type.TIMESTAMP),
317            "TO_TIMESTAMP_TZ": _build_datetime("TO_TIMESTAMP_TZ", exp.DataType.Type.TIMESTAMPTZ),
318            "TO_VARCHAR": exp.ToChar.from_arg_list,
319            "ZEROIFNULL": _build_if_from_zeroifnull,
320        }
321
322        FUNCTION_PARSERS = {
323            **parser.Parser.FUNCTION_PARSERS,
324            "DATE_PART": lambda self: self._parse_date_part(),
325            "OBJECT_CONSTRUCT_KEEP_NULL": lambda self: self._parse_json_object(),
326        }
327        FUNCTION_PARSERS.pop("TRIM")
328
329        TIMESTAMPS = parser.Parser.TIMESTAMPS - {TokenType.TIME}
330
331        RANGE_PARSERS = {
332            **parser.Parser.RANGE_PARSERS,
333            TokenType.LIKE_ANY: parser.binary_range_parser(exp.LikeAny),
334            TokenType.ILIKE_ANY: parser.binary_range_parser(exp.ILikeAny),
335        }
336
337        ALTER_PARSERS = {
338            **parser.Parser.ALTER_PARSERS,
339            "UNSET": lambda self: self.expression(
340                exp.Set,
341                tag=self._match_text_seq("TAG"),
342                expressions=self._parse_csv(self._parse_id_var),
343                unset=True,
344            ),
345            "SWAP": lambda self: self._parse_alter_table_swap(),
346        }
347
348        STATEMENT_PARSERS = {
349            **parser.Parser.STATEMENT_PARSERS,
350            TokenType.SHOW: lambda self: self._parse_show(),
351        }
352
353        PROPERTY_PARSERS = {
354            **parser.Parser.PROPERTY_PARSERS,
355            "LOCATION": lambda self: self._parse_location_property(),
356        }
357
358        TYPE_CONVERTERS = {
359            # https://docs.snowflake.com/en/sql-reference/data-types-numeric#number
360            exp.DataType.Type.DECIMAL: build_default_decimal_type(precision=38, scale=0),
361        }
362
363        SHOW_PARSERS = {
364            "SCHEMAS": _show_parser("SCHEMAS"),
365            "TERSE SCHEMAS": _show_parser("SCHEMAS"),
366            "OBJECTS": _show_parser("OBJECTS"),
367            "TERSE OBJECTS": _show_parser("OBJECTS"),
368            "TABLES": _show_parser("TABLES"),
369            "TERSE TABLES": _show_parser("TABLES"),
370            "VIEWS": _show_parser("VIEWS"),
371            "TERSE VIEWS": _show_parser("VIEWS"),
372            "PRIMARY KEYS": _show_parser("PRIMARY KEYS"),
373            "TERSE PRIMARY KEYS": _show_parser("PRIMARY KEYS"),
374            "IMPORTED KEYS": _show_parser("IMPORTED KEYS"),
375            "TERSE IMPORTED KEYS": _show_parser("IMPORTED KEYS"),
376            "UNIQUE KEYS": _show_parser("UNIQUE KEYS"),
377            "TERSE UNIQUE KEYS": _show_parser("UNIQUE KEYS"),
378            "SEQUENCES": _show_parser("SEQUENCES"),
379            "TERSE SEQUENCES": _show_parser("SEQUENCES"),
380            "COLUMNS": _show_parser("COLUMNS"),
381            "USERS": _show_parser("USERS"),
382            "TERSE USERS": _show_parser("USERS"),
383        }
384
385        CONSTRAINT_PARSERS = {
386            **parser.Parser.CONSTRAINT_PARSERS,
387            "WITH": lambda self: self._parse_with_constraint(),
388            "MASKING": lambda self: self._parse_with_constraint(),
389            "PROJECTION": lambda self: self._parse_with_constraint(),
390            "TAG": lambda self: self._parse_with_constraint(),
391        }
392
393        STAGED_FILE_SINGLE_TOKENS = {
394            TokenType.DOT,
395            TokenType.MOD,
396            TokenType.SLASH,
397        }
398
399        FLATTEN_COLUMNS = ["SEQ", "KEY", "PATH", "INDEX", "VALUE", "THIS"]
400
401        SCHEMA_KINDS = {"OBJECTS", "TABLES", "VIEWS", "SEQUENCES", "UNIQUE KEYS", "IMPORTED KEYS"}
402
403        NON_TABLE_CREATABLES = {"STORAGE INTEGRATION", "TAG", "WAREHOUSE", "STREAMLIT"}
404
405        LAMBDAS = {
406            **parser.Parser.LAMBDAS,
407            TokenType.ARROW: lambda self, expressions: self.expression(
408                exp.Lambda,
409                this=self._replace_lambda(
410                    self._parse_assignment(),
411                    expressions,
412                ),
413                expressions=[e.this if isinstance(e, exp.Cast) else e for e in expressions],
414            ),
415        }
416
417        def _parse_with_constraint(self) -> t.Optional[exp.Expression]:
418            if self._prev.token_type != TokenType.WITH:
419                self._retreat(self._index - 1)
420
421            if self._match_text_seq("MASKING", "POLICY"):
422                policy = self._parse_column()
423                return self.expression(
424                    exp.MaskingPolicyColumnConstraint,
425                    this=policy.to_dot() if isinstance(policy, exp.Column) else policy,
426                    expressions=self._match(TokenType.USING)
427                    and self._parse_wrapped_csv(self._parse_id_var),
428                )
429            if self._match_text_seq("PROJECTION", "POLICY"):
430                policy = self._parse_column()
431                return self.expression(
432                    exp.ProjectionPolicyColumnConstraint,
433                    this=policy.to_dot() if isinstance(policy, exp.Column) else policy,
434                )
435            if self._match(TokenType.TAG):
436                return self.expression(
437                    exp.TagColumnConstraint,
438                    expressions=self._parse_wrapped_csv(self._parse_property),
439                )
440
441            return None
442
443        def _parse_create(self) -> exp.Create | exp.Command:
444            expression = super()._parse_create()
445            if isinstance(expression, exp.Create) and expression.kind in self.NON_TABLE_CREATABLES:
446                # Replace the Table node with the enclosed Identifier
447                expression.this.replace(expression.this.this)
448
449            return expression
450
451        # https://docs.snowflake.com/en/sql-reference/functions/date_part.html
452        # https://docs.snowflake.com/en/sql-reference/functions-date-time.html#label-supported-date-time-parts
453        def _parse_date_part(self: Snowflake.Parser) -> t.Optional[exp.Expression]:
454            this = self._parse_var() or self._parse_type()
455
456            if not this:
457                return None
458
459            self._match(TokenType.COMMA)
460            expression = self._parse_bitwise()
461            this = map_date_part(this)
462            name = this.name.upper()
463
464            if name.startswith("EPOCH"):
465                if name == "EPOCH_MILLISECOND":
466                    scale = 10**3
467                elif name == "EPOCH_MICROSECOND":
468                    scale = 10**6
469                elif name == "EPOCH_NANOSECOND":
470                    scale = 10**9
471                else:
472                    scale = None
473
474                ts = self.expression(exp.Cast, this=expression, to=exp.DataType.build("TIMESTAMP"))
475                to_unix: exp.Expression = self.expression(exp.TimeToUnix, this=ts)
476
477                if scale:
478                    to_unix = exp.Mul(this=to_unix, expression=exp.Literal.number(scale))
479
480                return to_unix
481
482            return self.expression(exp.Extract, this=this, expression=expression)
483
484        def _parse_bracket_key_value(self, is_map: bool = False) -> t.Optional[exp.Expression]:
485            if is_map:
486                # Keys are strings in Snowflake's objects, see also:
487                # - https://docs.snowflake.com/en/sql-reference/data-types-semistructured
488                # - https://docs.snowflake.com/en/sql-reference/functions/object_construct
489                return self._parse_slice(self._parse_string())
490
491            return self._parse_slice(self._parse_alias(self._parse_assignment(), explicit=True))
492
493        def _parse_lateral(self) -> t.Optional[exp.Lateral]:
494            lateral = super()._parse_lateral()
495            if not lateral:
496                return lateral
497
498            if isinstance(lateral.this, exp.Explode):
499                table_alias = lateral.args.get("alias")
500                columns = [exp.to_identifier(col) for col in self.FLATTEN_COLUMNS]
501                if table_alias and not table_alias.args.get("columns"):
502                    table_alias.set("columns", columns)
503                elif not table_alias:
504                    exp.alias_(lateral, "_flattened", table=columns, copy=False)
505
506            return lateral
507
508        def _parse_table_parts(
509            self, schema: bool = False, is_db_reference: bool = False, wildcard: bool = False
510        ) -> exp.Table:
511            # https://docs.snowflake.com/en/user-guide/querying-stage
512            if self._match(TokenType.STRING, advance=False):
513                table = self._parse_string()
514            elif self._match_text_seq("@", advance=False):
515                table = self._parse_location_path()
516            else:
517                table = None
518
519            if table:
520                file_format = None
521                pattern = None
522
523                wrapped = self._match(TokenType.L_PAREN)
524                while self._curr and wrapped and not self._match(TokenType.R_PAREN):
525                    if self._match_text_seq("FILE_FORMAT", "=>"):
526                        file_format = self._parse_string() or super()._parse_table_parts(
527                            is_db_reference=is_db_reference
528                        )
529                    elif self._match_text_seq("PATTERN", "=>"):
530                        pattern = self._parse_string()
531                    else:
532                        break
533
534                    self._match(TokenType.COMMA)
535
536                table = self.expression(exp.Table, this=table, format=file_format, pattern=pattern)
537            else:
538                table = super()._parse_table_parts(schema=schema, is_db_reference=is_db_reference)
539
540            return table
541
542        def _parse_id_var(
543            self,
544            any_token: bool = True,
545            tokens: t.Optional[t.Collection[TokenType]] = None,
546        ) -> t.Optional[exp.Expression]:
547            if self._match_text_seq("IDENTIFIER", "("):
548                identifier = (
549                    super()._parse_id_var(any_token=any_token, tokens=tokens)
550                    or self._parse_string()
551                )
552                self._match_r_paren()
553                return self.expression(exp.Anonymous, this="IDENTIFIER", expressions=[identifier])
554
555            return super()._parse_id_var(any_token=any_token, tokens=tokens)
556
557        def _parse_show_snowflake(self, this: str) -> exp.Show:
558            scope = None
559            scope_kind = None
560
561            # will identity SHOW TERSE SCHEMAS but not SHOW TERSE PRIMARY KEYS
562            # which is syntactically valid but has no effect on the output
563            terse = self._tokens[self._index - 2].text.upper() == "TERSE"
564
565            history = self._match_text_seq("HISTORY")
566
567            like = self._parse_string() if self._match(TokenType.LIKE) else None
568
569            if self._match(TokenType.IN):
570                if self._match_text_seq("ACCOUNT"):
571                    scope_kind = "ACCOUNT"
572                elif self._match_set(self.DB_CREATABLES):
573                    scope_kind = self._prev.text.upper()
574                    if self._curr:
575                        scope = self._parse_table_parts()
576                elif self._curr:
577                    scope_kind = "SCHEMA" if this in self.SCHEMA_KINDS else "TABLE"
578                    scope = self._parse_table_parts()
579
580            return self.expression(
581                exp.Show,
582                **{
583                    "terse": terse,
584                    "this": this,
585                    "history": history,
586                    "like": like,
587                    "scope": scope,
588                    "scope_kind": scope_kind,
589                    "starts_with": self._match_text_seq("STARTS", "WITH") and self._parse_string(),
590                    "limit": self._parse_limit(),
591                    "from": self._parse_string() if self._match(TokenType.FROM) else None,
592                },
593            )
594
595        def _parse_alter_table_swap(self) -> exp.SwapTable:
596            self._match_text_seq("WITH")
597            return self.expression(exp.SwapTable, this=self._parse_table(schema=True))
598
599        def _parse_location_property(self) -> exp.LocationProperty:
600            self._match(TokenType.EQ)
601            return self.expression(exp.LocationProperty, this=self._parse_location_path())
602
603        def _parse_file_location(self) -> t.Optional[exp.Expression]:
604            # Parse either a subquery or a staged file
605            return (
606                self._parse_select(table=True, parse_subquery_alias=False)
607                if self._match(TokenType.L_PAREN, advance=False)
608                else self._parse_table_parts()
609            )
610
611        def _parse_location_path(self) -> exp.Var:
612            parts = [self._advance_any(ignore_reserved=True)]
613
614            # We avoid consuming a comma token because external tables like @foo and @bar
615            # can be joined in a query with a comma separator, as well as closing paren
616            # in case of subqueries
617            while self._is_connected() and not self._match_set(
618                (TokenType.COMMA, TokenType.L_PAREN, TokenType.R_PAREN), advance=False
619            ):
620                parts.append(self._advance_any(ignore_reserved=True))
621
622            return exp.var("".join(part.text for part in parts if part))
623
624        def _parse_lambda_arg(self) -> t.Optional[exp.Expression]:
625            this = super()._parse_lambda_arg()
626
627            if not this:
628                return this
629
630            typ = self._parse_types()
631
632            if typ:
633                return self.expression(exp.Cast, this=this, to=typ)
634
635            return this

Parser consumes a list of tokens produced by the Tokenizer and produces a parsed syntax tree.

Arguments:
  • error_level: The desired error level. Default: ErrorLevel.IMMEDIATE
  • error_message_context: The amount of context to capture from a query string when displaying the error message (in number of characters). Default: 100
  • max_errors: Maximum number of error messages to include in a raised ParseError. This is only relevant if error_level is ErrorLevel.RAISE. Default: 3
IDENTIFY_PIVOT_STRINGS = True
DEFAULT_SAMPLING_METHOD = 'BERNOULLI'
COLON_IS_VARIANT_EXTRACT = True
ID_VAR_TOKENS = {<TokenType.SUPER: 'SUPER'>, <TokenType.EXECUTE: 'EXECUTE'>, <TokenType.SET: 'SET'>, <TokenType.FULL: 'FULL'>, <TokenType.FUNCTION: 'FUNCTION'>, <TokenType.INT4RANGE: 'INT4RANGE'>, <TokenType.DATETIME: 'DATETIME'>, <TokenType.OBJECT: 'OBJECT'>, <TokenType.FINAL: 'FINAL'>, <TokenType.LONGBLOB: 'LONGBLOB'>, <TokenType.ENUM16: 'ENUM16'>, <TokenType.INT8MULTIRANGE: 'INT8MULTIRANGE'>, <TokenType.TIMESTAMP_S: 'TIMESTAMP_S'>, <TokenType.NULL: 'NULL'>, <TokenType.ENUM: 'ENUM'>, <TokenType.OBJECT_IDENTIFIER: 'OBJECT_IDENTIFIER'>, <TokenType.SOME: 'SOME'>, <TokenType.SEMI: 'SEMI'>, <TokenType.INT4MULTIRANGE: 'INT4MULTIRANGE'>, <TokenType.TIMESTAMP: 'TIMESTAMP'>, <TokenType.TABLE: 'TABLE'>, <TokenType.CURRENT_TIME: 'CURRENT_TIME'>, <TokenType.STREAMLIT: 'STREAMLIT'>, <TokenType.CURRENT_DATETIME: 'CURRENT_DATETIME'>, <TokenType.BIGDECIMAL: 'BIGDECIMAL'>, <TokenType.TIMESTAMP_NS: 'TIMESTAMP_NS'>, <TokenType.WINDOW: 'WINDOW'>, <TokenType.UNIQUE: 'UNIQUE'>, <TokenType.LOAD: 'LOAD'>, <TokenType.INDEX: 'INDEX'>, <TokenType.NESTED: 'NESTED'>, <TokenType.GEOGRAPHY: 'GEOGRAPHY'>, <TokenType.CUBE: 'CUBE'>, <TokenType.STRAIGHT_JOIN: 'STRAIGHT_JOIN'>, <TokenType.BIT: 'BIT'>, <TokenType.VARCHAR: 'VARCHAR'>, <TokenType.COPY: 'COPY'>, <TokenType.COLLATE: 'COLLATE'>, <TokenType.CONSTRAINT: 'CONSTRAINT'>, <TokenType.RENAME: 'RENAME'>, <TokenType.SETTINGS: 'SETTINGS'>, <TokenType.BPCHAR: 'BPCHAR'>, <TokenType.NUMRANGE: 'NUMRANGE'>, <TokenType.MEDIUMTEXT: 'MEDIUMTEXT'>, <TokenType.JSON: 'JSON'>, <TokenType.ALL: 'ALL'>, <TokenType.UBIGINT: 'UBIGINT'>, <TokenType.TEXT: 'TEXT'>, <TokenType.UNKNOWN: 'UNKNOWN'>, <TokenType.SMALLSERIAL: 'SMALLSERIAL'>, <TokenType.IPPREFIX: 'IPPREFIX'>, <TokenType.TIMESTAMPTZ: 'TIMESTAMPTZ'>, <TokenType.NVARCHAR: 'NVARCHAR'>, <TokenType.HSTORE: 'HSTORE'>, <TokenType.PROCEDURE: 'PROCEDURE'>, <TokenType.TEMPORARY: 'TEMPORARY'>, <TokenType.ROW: 'ROW'>, <TokenType.DECIMAL: 'DECIMAL'>, <TokenType.JSONB: 'JSONB'>, <TokenType.OPERATOR: 'OPERATOR'>, <TokenType.EXISTS: 'EXISTS'>, <TokenType.REFERENCES: 'REFERENCES'>, <TokenType.ROWS: 'ROWS'>, <TokenType.LEFT: 'LEFT'>, <TokenType.NUMMULTIRANGE: 'NUMMULTIRANGE'>, <TokenType.STORAGE_INTEGRATION: 'STORAGE_INTEGRATION'>, <TokenType.UMEDIUMINT: 'UMEDIUMINT'>, <TokenType.CURRENT_USER: 'CURRENT_USER'>, <TokenType.TSMULTIRANGE: 'TSMULTIRANGE'>, <TokenType.DESC: 'DESC'>, <TokenType.BINARY: 'BINARY'>, <TokenType.DATE: 'DATE'>, <TokenType.NULLABLE: 'NULLABLE'>, <TokenType.ANTI: 'ANTI'>, <TokenType.ROLLUP: 'ROLLUP'>, <TokenType.DIV: 'DIV'>, <TokenType.TINYINT: 'TINYINT'>, <TokenType.CURRENT_TIMESTAMP: 'CURRENT_TIMESTAMP'>, <TokenType.CURRENT_DATE: 'CURRENT_DATE'>, <TokenType.UINT: 'UINT'>, <TokenType.KILL: 'KILL'>, <TokenType.NEXT: 'NEXT'>, <TokenType.NATURAL: 'NATURAL'>, <TokenType.COMMAND: 'COMMAND'>, <TokenType.IS: 'IS'>, <TokenType.LIST: 'LIST'>, <TokenType.FIXEDSTRING: 'FIXEDSTRING'>, <TokenType.IMAGE: 'IMAGE'>, <TokenType.INET: 'INET'>, <TokenType.INT: 'INT'>, <TokenType.HLLSKETCH: 'HLLSKETCH'>, <TokenType.SMALLMONEY: 'SMALLMONEY'>, <TokenType.DELETE: 'DELETE'>, <TokenType.FOREIGN_KEY: 'FOREIGN_KEY'>, <TokenType.TINYBLOB: 'TINYBLOB'>, <TokenType.VARIANT: 'VARIANT'>, <TokenType.VARBINARY: 'VARBINARY'>, <TokenType.UNPIVOT: 'UNPIVOT'>, <TokenType.ISNULL: 'ISNULL'>, <TokenType.INTERVAL: 'INTERVAL'>, <TokenType.END: 'END'>, <TokenType.PIVOT: 'PIVOT'>, <TokenType.MEDIUMINT: 'MEDIUMINT'>, <TokenType.STRUCT: 'STRUCT'>, <TokenType.IPV4: 'IPV4'>, <TokenType.GEOMETRY: 'GEOMETRY'>, <TokenType.DESCRIBE: 'DESCRIBE'>, <TokenType.COLUMN: 'COLUMN'>, <TokenType.CHAR: 'CHAR'>, <TokenType.USMALLINT: 'USMALLINT'>, <TokenType.ROWVERSION: 'ROWVERSION'>, <TokenType.MONEY: 'MONEY'>, <TokenType.TAG: 'TAG'>, <TokenType.DOUBLE: 'DOUBLE'>, <TokenType.DEFAULT: 'DEFAULT'>, <TokenType.ESCAPE: 'ESCAPE'>, <TokenType.OVERLAPS: 'OVERLAPS'>, <TokenType.RANGE: 'RANGE'>, <TokenType.USE: 'USE'>, <TokenType.FORMAT: 'FORMAT'>, <TokenType.TSTZMULTIRANGE: 'TSTZMULTIRANGE'>, <TokenType.PERCENT: 'PERCENT'>, <TokenType.INT128: 'INT128'>, <TokenType.USERDEFINED: 'USERDEFINED'>, <TokenType.TIMESTAMPLTZ: 'TIMESTAMPLTZ'>, <TokenType.TDIGEST: 'TDIGEST'>, <TokenType.APPLY: 'APPLY'>, <TokenType.IPV6: 'IPV6'>, <TokenType.REFRESH: 'REFRESH'>, <TokenType.SHOW: 'SHOW'>, <TokenType.LONGTEXT: 'LONGTEXT'>, <TokenType.INT8RANGE: 'INT8RANGE'>, <TokenType.UDECIMAL: 'UDECIMAL'>, <TokenType.MERGE: 'MERGE'>, <TokenType.OVERWRITE: 'OVERWRITE'>, <TokenType.VIEW: 'VIEW'>, <TokenType.AUTO_INCREMENT: 'AUTO_INCREMENT'>, <TokenType.FILTER: 'FILTER'>, <TokenType.OFFSET: 'OFFSET'>, <TokenType.ORDINALITY: 'ORDINALITY'>, <TokenType.SMALLINT: 'SMALLINT'>, <TokenType.RECURSIVE: 'RECURSIVE'>, <TokenType.FLOAT: 'FLOAT'>, <TokenType.CACHE: 'CACHE'>, <TokenType.VECTOR: 'VECTOR'>, <TokenType.ANY: 'ANY'>, <TokenType.BIGINT: 'BIGINT'>, <TokenType.TOP: 'TOP'>, <TokenType.BOOLEAN: 'BOOLEAN'>, <TokenType.ASOF: 'ASOF'>, <TokenType.PSEUDO_TYPE: 'PSEUDO_TYPE'>, <TokenType.MODEL: 'MODEL'>, <TokenType.PRAGMA: 'PRAGMA'>, <TokenType.VAR: 'VAR'>, <TokenType.TIMESTAMP_MS: 'TIMESTAMP_MS'>, <TokenType.IDENTIFIER: 'IDENTIFIER'>, <TokenType.INT256: 'INT256'>, <TokenType.FIRST: 'FIRST'>, <TokenType.SIMPLEAGGREGATEFUNCTION: 'SIMPLEAGGREGATEFUNCTION'>, <TokenType.DATABASE: 'DATABASE'>, <TokenType.DATETIME64: 'DATETIME64'>, <TokenType.ENUM8: 'ENUM8'>, <TokenType.YEAR: 'YEAR'>, <TokenType.DATERANGE: 'DATERANGE'>, <TokenType.TRUNCATE: 'TRUNCATE'>, <TokenType.MATCH_CONDITION: 'MATCH_CONDITION'>, <TokenType.COMMENT: 'COMMENT'>, <TokenType.UINT128: 'UINT128'>, <TokenType.XML: 'XML'>, <TokenType.ARRAY: 'ARRAY'>, <TokenType.TIMESTAMPNTZ: 'TIMESTAMPNTZ'>, <TokenType.TSTZRANGE: 'TSTZRANGE'>, <TokenType.FALSE: 'FALSE'>, <TokenType.BIGSERIAL: 'BIGSERIAL'>, <TokenType.UNNEST: 'UNNEST'>, <TokenType.KEEP: 'KEEP'>, <TokenType.TIME: 'TIME'>, <TokenType.AGGREGATEFUNCTION: 'AGGREGATEFUNCTION'>, <TokenType.UINT256: 'UINT256'>, <TokenType.LOWCARDINALITY: 'LOWCARDINALITY'>, <TokenType.SEQUENCE: 'SEQUENCE'>, <TokenType.SCHEMA: 'SCHEMA'>, <TokenType.BEGIN: 'BEGIN'>, <TokenType.COMMIT: 'COMMIT'>, <TokenType.DATEMULTIRANGE: 'DATEMULTIRANGE'>, <TokenType.MEDIUMBLOB: 'MEDIUMBLOB'>, <TokenType.DATE32: 'DATE32'>, <TokenType.UPDATE: 'UPDATE'>, <TokenType.WAREHOUSE: 'WAREHOUSE'>, <TokenType.SERIAL: 'SERIAL'>, <TokenType.TIMETZ: 'TIMETZ'>, <TokenType.CASE: 'CASE'>, <TokenType.NAME: 'NAME'>, <TokenType.TINYTEXT: 'TINYTEXT'>, <TokenType.UTINYINT: 'UTINYINT'>, <TokenType.ASC: 'ASC'>, <TokenType.REPLACE: 'REPLACE'>, <TokenType.MAP: 'MAP'>, <TokenType.TSRANGE: 'TSRANGE'>, <TokenType.DICTIONARY: 'DICTIONARY'>, <TokenType.TRUE: 'TRUE'>, <TokenType.IPADDRESS: 'IPADDRESS'>, <TokenType.NCHAR: 'NCHAR'>, <TokenType.PARTITION: 'PARTITION'>, <TokenType.UUID: 'UUID'>, <TokenType.UNIQUEIDENTIFIER: 'UNIQUEIDENTIFIER'>, <TokenType.RIGHT: 'RIGHT'>, <TokenType.VOLATILE: 'VOLATILE'>}
TABLE_ALIAS_TOKENS = {<TokenType.SUPER: 'SUPER'>, <TokenType.EXECUTE: 'EXECUTE'>, <TokenType.SET: 'SET'>, <TokenType.FUNCTION: 'FUNCTION'>, <TokenType.INT4RANGE: 'INT4RANGE'>, <TokenType.DATETIME: 'DATETIME'>, <TokenType.OBJECT: 'OBJECT'>, <TokenType.FINAL: 'FINAL'>, <TokenType.LONGBLOB: 'LONGBLOB'>, <TokenType.ENUM16: 'ENUM16'>, <TokenType.INT8MULTIRANGE: 'INT8MULTIRANGE'>, <TokenType.TIMESTAMP_S: 'TIMESTAMP_S'>, <TokenType.NULL: 'NULL'>, <TokenType.ENUM: 'ENUM'>, <TokenType.OBJECT_IDENTIFIER: 'OBJECT_IDENTIFIER'>, <TokenType.SOME: 'SOME'>, <TokenType.SEMI: 'SEMI'>, <TokenType.INT4MULTIRANGE: 'INT4MULTIRANGE'>, <TokenType.TIMESTAMP: 'TIMESTAMP'>, <TokenType.TABLE: 'TABLE'>, <TokenType.CURRENT_TIME: 'CURRENT_TIME'>, <TokenType.STREAMLIT: 'STREAMLIT'>, <TokenType.CURRENT_DATETIME: 'CURRENT_DATETIME'>, <TokenType.BIGDECIMAL: 'BIGDECIMAL'>, <TokenType.TIMESTAMP_NS: 'TIMESTAMP_NS'>, <TokenType.WINDOW: 'WINDOW'>, <TokenType.UNIQUE: 'UNIQUE'>, <TokenType.LOAD: 'LOAD'>, <TokenType.INDEX: 'INDEX'>, <TokenType.NESTED: 'NESTED'>, <TokenType.GEOGRAPHY: 'GEOGRAPHY'>, <TokenType.CUBE: 'CUBE'>, <TokenType.STRAIGHT_JOIN: 'STRAIGHT_JOIN'>, <TokenType.BIT: 'BIT'>, <TokenType.VARCHAR: 'VARCHAR'>, <TokenType.COPY: 'COPY'>, <TokenType.COLLATE: 'COLLATE'>, <TokenType.CONSTRAINT: 'CONSTRAINT'>, <TokenType.RENAME: 'RENAME'>, <TokenType.SETTINGS: 'SETTINGS'>, <TokenType.BPCHAR: 'BPCHAR'>, <TokenType.NUMRANGE: 'NUMRANGE'>, <TokenType.MEDIUMTEXT: 'MEDIUMTEXT'>, <TokenType.JSON: 'JSON'>, <TokenType.ALL: 'ALL'>, <TokenType.UBIGINT: 'UBIGINT'>, <TokenType.TEXT: 'TEXT'>, <TokenType.UNKNOWN: 'UNKNOWN'>, <TokenType.SMALLSERIAL: 'SMALLSERIAL'>, <TokenType.IPPREFIX: 'IPPREFIX'>, <TokenType.TIMESTAMPTZ: 'TIMESTAMPTZ'>, <TokenType.NVARCHAR: 'NVARCHAR'>, <TokenType.HSTORE: 'HSTORE'>, <TokenType.PROCEDURE: 'PROCEDURE'>, <TokenType.TEMPORARY: 'TEMPORARY'>, <TokenType.ROW: 'ROW'>, <TokenType.DECIMAL: 'DECIMAL'>, <TokenType.JSONB: 'JSONB'>, <TokenType.OPERATOR: 'OPERATOR'>, <TokenType.EXISTS: 'EXISTS'>, <TokenType.REFERENCES: 'REFERENCES'>, <TokenType.ROWS: 'ROWS'>, <TokenType.NUMMULTIRANGE: 'NUMMULTIRANGE'>, <TokenType.STORAGE_INTEGRATION: 'STORAGE_INTEGRATION'>, <TokenType.UMEDIUMINT: 'UMEDIUMINT'>, <TokenType.CURRENT_USER: 'CURRENT_USER'>, <TokenType.TSMULTIRANGE: 'TSMULTIRANGE'>, <TokenType.DESC: 'DESC'>, <TokenType.BINARY: 'BINARY'>, <TokenType.DATE: 'DATE'>, <TokenType.NULLABLE: 'NULLABLE'>, <TokenType.ROLLUP: 'ROLLUP'>, <TokenType.ANTI: 'ANTI'>, <TokenType.DIV: 'DIV'>, <TokenType.TINYINT: 'TINYINT'>, <TokenType.CURRENT_TIMESTAMP: 'CURRENT_TIMESTAMP'>, <TokenType.CURRENT_DATE: 'CURRENT_DATE'>, <TokenType.UINT: 'UINT'>, <TokenType.KILL: 'KILL'>, <TokenType.NEXT: 'NEXT'>, <TokenType.COMMAND: 'COMMAND'>, <TokenType.IS: 'IS'>, <TokenType.LIST: 'LIST'>, <TokenType.FIXEDSTRING: 'FIXEDSTRING'>, <TokenType.IMAGE: 'IMAGE'>, <TokenType.INET: 'INET'>, <TokenType.INT: 'INT'>, <TokenType.HLLSKETCH: 'HLLSKETCH'>, <TokenType.SMALLMONEY: 'SMALLMONEY'>, <TokenType.DELETE: 'DELETE'>, <TokenType.FOREIGN_KEY: 'FOREIGN_KEY'>, <TokenType.TINYBLOB: 'TINYBLOB'>, <TokenType.VARIANT: 'VARIANT'>, <TokenType.VARBINARY: 'VARBINARY'>, <TokenType.UNPIVOT: 'UNPIVOT'>, <TokenType.ISNULL: 'ISNULL'>, <TokenType.INTERVAL: 'INTERVAL'>, <TokenType.END: 'END'>, <TokenType.PIVOT: 'PIVOT'>, <TokenType.MEDIUMINT: 'MEDIUMINT'>, <TokenType.STRUCT: 'STRUCT'>, <TokenType.IPV4: 'IPV4'>, <TokenType.GEOMETRY: 'GEOMETRY'>, <TokenType.DESCRIBE: 'DESCRIBE'>, <TokenType.COLUMN: 'COLUMN'>, <TokenType.CHAR: 'CHAR'>, <TokenType.USMALLINT: 'USMALLINT'>, <TokenType.ROWVERSION: 'ROWVERSION'>, <TokenType.MONEY: 'MONEY'>, <TokenType.TAG: 'TAG'>, <TokenType.DOUBLE: 'DOUBLE'>, <TokenType.DEFAULT: 'DEFAULT'>, <TokenType.ESCAPE: 'ESCAPE'>, <TokenType.OVERLAPS: 'OVERLAPS'>, <TokenType.RANGE: 'RANGE'>, <TokenType.USE: 'USE'>, <TokenType.FORMAT: 'FORMAT'>, <TokenType.TSTZMULTIRANGE: 'TSTZMULTIRANGE'>, <TokenType.PERCENT: 'PERCENT'>, <TokenType.INT128: 'INT128'>, <TokenType.USERDEFINED: 'USERDEFINED'>, <TokenType.TIMESTAMPLTZ: 'TIMESTAMPLTZ'>, <TokenType.TDIGEST: 'TDIGEST'>, <TokenType.IPV6: 'IPV6'>, <TokenType.REFRESH: 'REFRESH'>, <TokenType.SHOW: 'SHOW'>, <TokenType.LONGTEXT: 'LONGTEXT'>, <TokenType.INT8RANGE: 'INT8RANGE'>, <TokenType.UDECIMAL: 'UDECIMAL'>, <TokenType.MERGE: 'MERGE'>, <TokenType.OVERWRITE: 'OVERWRITE'>, <TokenType.VIEW: 'VIEW'>, <TokenType.AUTO_INCREMENT: 'AUTO_INCREMENT'>, <TokenType.FILTER: 'FILTER'>, <TokenType.SMALLINT: 'SMALLINT'>, <TokenType.ORDINALITY: 'ORDINALITY'>, <TokenType.RECURSIVE: 'RECURSIVE'>, <TokenType.FLOAT: 'FLOAT'>, <TokenType.CACHE: 'CACHE'>, <TokenType.VECTOR: 'VECTOR'>, <TokenType.ANY: 'ANY'>, <TokenType.BIGINT: 'BIGINT'>, <TokenType.TOP: 'TOP'>, <TokenType.BOOLEAN: 'BOOLEAN'>, <TokenType.PSEUDO_TYPE: 'PSEUDO_TYPE'>, <TokenType.MODEL: 'MODEL'>, <TokenType.PRAGMA: 'PRAGMA'>, <TokenType.VAR: 'VAR'>, <TokenType.TIMESTAMP_MS: 'TIMESTAMP_MS'>, <TokenType.IDENTIFIER: 'IDENTIFIER'>, <TokenType.INT256: 'INT256'>, <TokenType.FIRST: 'FIRST'>, <TokenType.SIMPLEAGGREGATEFUNCTION: 'SIMPLEAGGREGATEFUNCTION'>, <TokenType.DATABASE: 'DATABASE'>, <TokenType.DATETIME64: 'DATETIME64'>, <TokenType.ENUM8: 'ENUM8'>, <TokenType.YEAR: 'YEAR'>, <TokenType.DATERANGE: 'DATERANGE'>, <TokenType.TRUNCATE: 'TRUNCATE'>, <TokenType.COMMENT: 'COMMENT'>, <TokenType.UINT128: 'UINT128'>, <TokenType.XML: 'XML'>, <TokenType.ARRAY: 'ARRAY'>, <TokenType.TIMESTAMPNTZ: 'TIMESTAMPNTZ'>, <TokenType.TSTZRANGE: 'TSTZRANGE'>, <TokenType.FALSE: 'FALSE'>, <TokenType.BIGSERIAL: 'BIGSERIAL'>, <TokenType.UNNEST: 'UNNEST'>, <TokenType.KEEP: 'KEEP'>, <TokenType.TIME: 'TIME'>, <TokenType.AGGREGATEFUNCTION: 'AGGREGATEFUNCTION'>, <TokenType.UINT256: 'UINT256'>, <TokenType.LOWCARDINALITY: 'LOWCARDINALITY'>, <TokenType.SEQUENCE: 'SEQUENCE'>, <TokenType.SCHEMA: 'SCHEMA'>, <TokenType.BEGIN: 'BEGIN'>, <TokenType.COMMIT: 'COMMIT'>, <TokenType.DATEMULTIRANGE: 'DATEMULTIRANGE'>, <TokenType.MEDIUMBLOB: 'MEDIUMBLOB'>, <TokenType.DATE32: 'DATE32'>, <TokenType.UPDATE: 'UPDATE'>, <TokenType.WAREHOUSE: 'WAREHOUSE'>, <TokenType.SERIAL: 'SERIAL'>, <TokenType.TIMETZ: 'TIMETZ'>, <TokenType.CASE: 'CASE'>, <TokenType.NAME: 'NAME'>, <TokenType.TINYTEXT: 'TINYTEXT'>, <TokenType.UTINYINT: 'UTINYINT'>, <TokenType.ASC: 'ASC'>, <TokenType.REPLACE: 'REPLACE'>, <TokenType.MAP: 'MAP'>, <TokenType.TSRANGE: 'TSRANGE'>, <TokenType.DICTIONARY: 'DICTIONARY'>, <TokenType.TRUE: 'TRUE'>, <TokenType.IPADDRESS: 'IPADDRESS'>, <TokenType.NCHAR: 'NCHAR'>, <TokenType.PARTITION: 'PARTITION'>, <TokenType.UUID: 'UUID'>, <TokenType.UNIQUEIDENTIFIER: 'UNIQUEIDENTIFIER'>, <TokenType.VOLATILE: 'VOLATILE'>}
FUNCTIONS = {'ABS': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Abs'>>, 'ADD_MONTHS': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.AddMonths'>>, 'ANONYMOUS_AGG_FUNC': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.AnonymousAggFunc'>>, 'ANY_VALUE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.AnyValue'>>, 'APPROX_DISTINCT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ApproxDistinct'>>, 'APPROX_COUNT_DISTINCT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ApproxDistinct'>>, 'APPROX_QUANTILE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ApproxQuantile'>>, 'APPROX_TOP_K': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ApproxTopK'>>, 'ARG_MAX': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArgMax'>>, 'ARGMAX': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArgMax'>>, 'MAX_BY': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArgMax'>>, 'ARG_MIN': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArgMin'>>, 'ARGMIN': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArgMin'>>, 'MIN_BY': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArgMin'>>, 'ARRAY': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'ARRAY_AGG': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayAgg'>>, 'ARRAY_ALL': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayAll'>>, 'ARRAY_ANY': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayAny'>>, 'ARRAY_CONCAT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayConcat'>>, 'ARRAY_CAT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayConcat'>>, 'ARRAY_CONSTRUCT_COMPACT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayConstructCompact'>>, 'ARRAY_CONTAINS': <function Snowflake.Parser.<lambda>>, 'ARRAY_HAS': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayContains'>>, 'ARRAY_CONTAINS_ALL': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayContainsAll'>>, 'ARRAY_HAS_ALL': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayContainsAll'>>, 'FILTER': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayFilter'>>, 'ARRAY_FILTER': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayFilter'>>, 'ARRAY_OVERLAPS': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayOverlaps'>>, 'ARRAY_SIZE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArraySize'>>, 'ARRAY_LENGTH': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArraySize'>>, 'ARRAY_SORT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArraySort'>>, 'ARRAY_SUM': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArraySum'>>, 'ARRAY_TO_STRING': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayToString'>>, 'ARRAY_JOIN': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayToString'>>, 'ARRAY_UNION_AGG': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayUnionAgg'>>, 'ARRAY_UNIQUE_AGG': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayUniqueAgg'>>, 'AVG': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Avg'>>, 'CASE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Case'>>, 'CAST': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Cast'>>, 'CAST_TO_STR_TYPE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CastToStrType'>>, 'CBRT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Cbrt'>>, 'CEIL': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Ceil'>>, 'CEILING': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Ceil'>>, 'CHR': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Chr'>>, 'CHAR': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Chr'>>, 'COALESCE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Coalesce'>>, 'IFNULL': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Coalesce'>>, 'NVL': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Coalesce'>>, 'COLLATE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Collate'>>, 'COMBINED_AGG_FUNC': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CombinedAggFunc'>>, 'COMBINED_PARAMETERIZED_AGG': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CombinedParameterizedAgg'>>, 'CONCAT': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'CONCAT_WS': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'CONNECT_BY_ROOT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ConnectByRoot'>>, 'CONVERT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Convert'>>, 'CORR': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Corr'>>, 'COUNT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Count'>>, 'COUNT_IF': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CountIf'>>, 'COUNTIF': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CountIf'>>, 'COVAR_POP': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CovarPop'>>, 'COVAR_SAMP': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CovarSamp'>>, 'CURRENT_DATE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CurrentDate'>>, 'CURRENT_DATETIME': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CurrentDatetime'>>, 'CURRENT_TIME': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CurrentTime'>>, 'CURRENT_TIMESTAMP': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CurrentTimestamp'>>, 'CURRENT_USER': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CurrentUser'>>, 'DATE': <function _build_datetime.<locals>._builder>, 'DATE_ADD': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DateAdd'>>, 'DATEDIFF': <function _build_datediff>, 'DATE_DIFF': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DateDiff'>>, 'DATE_FROM_PARTS': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DateFromParts'>>, 'DATEFROMPARTS': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DateFromParts'>>, 'DATE_STR_TO_DATE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DateStrToDate'>>, 'DATE_SUB': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DateSub'>>, 'DATE_TO_DATE_STR': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'DATE_TO_DI': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DateToDi'>>, 'DATE_TRUNC': <function _date_trunc_to_time>, 'DATETIME': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Datetime'>>, 'DATETIME_ADD': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DatetimeAdd'>>, 'DATETIME_DIFF': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DatetimeDiff'>>, 'DATETIME_SUB': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DatetimeSub'>>, 'DATETIME_TRUNC': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DatetimeTrunc'>>, 'DAY': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Day'>>, 'DAY_OF_MONTH': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DayOfMonth'>>, 'DAYOFMONTH': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DayOfMonth'>>, 'DAY_OF_WEEK': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DayOfWeek'>>, 'DAYOFWEEK': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DayOfWeek'>>, 'DAY_OF_YEAR': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DayOfYear'>>, 'DAYOFYEAR': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DayOfYear'>>, 'DECODE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Decode'>>, 'DI_TO_DATE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DiToDate'>>, 'ENCODE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Encode'>>, 'EXP': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Exp'>>, 'EXPLODE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Explode'>>, 'EXPLODE_OUTER': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ExplodeOuter'>>, 'EXPLODING_GENERATE_SERIES': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ExplodingGenerateSeries'>>, 'EXTRACT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Extract'>>, 'FIRST': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.First'>>, 'FIRST_VALUE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.FirstValue'>>, 'FLATTEN': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Explode'>>, 'FLOOR': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Floor'>>, 'FROM_BASE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.FromBase'>>, 'FROM_BASE64': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.FromBase64'>>, 'GAP_FILL': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.GapFill'>>, 'GENERATE_DATE_ARRAY': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'GENERATE_SERIES': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.GenerateSeries'>>, 'GREATEST': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Greatest'>>, 'GROUP_CONCAT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.GroupConcat'>>, 'HEX': <function build_hex>, 'HLL': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Hll'>>, 'IF': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.If'>>, 'IIF': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.If'>>, 'INITCAP': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Initcap'>>, 'IS_INF': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.IsInf'>>, 'ISINF': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.IsInf'>>, 'IS_NAN': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.IsNan'>>, 'ISNAN': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.IsNan'>>, 'J_S_O_N_ARRAY': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONArray'>>, 'J_S_O_N_ARRAY_AGG': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONArrayAgg'>>, 'JSON_ARRAY_CONTAINS': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONArrayContains'>>, 'JSONB_CONTAINS': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONBContains'>>, 'JSONB_EXTRACT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONBExtract'>>, 'JSONB_EXTRACT_SCALAR': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONBExtractScalar'>>, 'JSON_EXTRACT': <function build_extract_json_with_path.<locals>._builder>, 'JSON_EXTRACT_SCALAR': <function build_extract_json_with_path.<locals>._builder>, 'JSON_FORMAT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONFormat'>>, 'J_S_O_N_OBJECT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONObject'>>, 'J_S_O_N_OBJECT_AGG': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONObjectAgg'>>, 'J_S_O_N_TABLE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONTable'>>, 'LAG': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Lag'>>, 'LAST': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Last'>>, 'LAST_DAY': <function Snowflake.Parser.<lambda>>, 'LAST_DAY_OF_MONTH': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LastDay'>>, 'LAST_VALUE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LastValue'>>, 'LEAD': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Lead'>>, 'LEAST': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Least'>>, 'LEFT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Left'>>, 'LENGTH': <function Snowflake.Parser.<lambda>>, 'LEN': <function Snowflake.Parser.<lambda>>, 'LEVENSHTEIN': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Levenshtein'>>, 'LIST': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.List'>>, 'LN': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Ln'>>, 'LOG': <function build_logarithm>, 'LOGICAL_AND': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LogicalAnd'>>, 'BOOL_AND': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LogicalAnd'>>, 'BOOLAND_AGG': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LogicalAnd'>>, 'LOGICAL_OR': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LogicalOr'>>, 'BOOL_OR': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LogicalOr'>>, 'BOOLOR_AGG': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LogicalOr'>>, 'LOWER': <function build_lower>, 'LCASE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Lower'>>, 'LOWER_HEX': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LowerHex'>>, 'MD5': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.MD5'>>, 'MD5_DIGEST': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.MD5Digest'>>, 'MAP': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Map'>>, 'MAP_FROM_ENTRIES': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.MapFromEntries'>>, 'MATCH_AGAINST': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.MatchAgainst'>>, 'MAX': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Max'>>, 'MIN': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Min'>>, 'MONTH': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Month'>>, 'MONTHS_BETWEEN': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.MonthsBetween'>>, 'NEXT_VALUE_FOR': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.NextValueFor'>>, 'NTH_VALUE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.NthValue'>>, 'NULLIF': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Nullif'>>, 'NUMBER_TO_STR': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.NumberToStr'>>, 'NVL2': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Nvl2'>>, 'OBJECT_INSERT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ObjectInsert'>>, 'OPEN_J_S_O_N': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.OpenJSON'>>, 'PAD': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Pad'>>, 'PARAMETERIZED_AGG': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ParameterizedAgg'>>, 'PARSE_JSON': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ParseJSON'>>, 'JSON_PARSE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ParseJSON'>>, 'PERCENTILE_CONT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.PercentileCont'>>, 'PERCENTILE_DISC': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.PercentileDisc'>>, 'POSEXPLODE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Posexplode'>>, 'POSEXPLODE_OUTER': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.PosexplodeOuter'>>, 'POWER': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Pow'>>, 'POW': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Pow'>>, 'PREDICT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Predict'>>, 'QUANTILE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Quantile'>>, 'QUARTER': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Quarter'>>, 'RAND': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Rand'>>, 'RANDOM': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Rand'>>, 'RANDN': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Randn'>>, 'RANGE_N': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.RangeN'>>, 'READ_CSV': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ReadCSV'>>, 'REDUCE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Reduce'>>, 'REGEXP_EXTRACT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.RegexpExtract'>>, 'REGEXP_I_LIKE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.RegexpILike'>>, 'REGEXP_LIKE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.RegexpLike'>>, 'REGEXP_REPLACE': <function _build_regexp_replace>, 'REGEXP_SPLIT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.RegexpSplit'>>, 'REPEAT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Repeat'>>, 'RIGHT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Right'>>, 'ROUND': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Round'>>, 'ROW_NUMBER': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.RowNumber'>>, 'SHA': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SHA'>>, 'SHA1': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SHA'>>, 'SHA2': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SHA2'>>, 'SAFE_DIVIDE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SafeDivide'>>, 'SIGN': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Sign'>>, 'SIGNUM': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Sign'>>, 'SORT_ARRAY': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SortArray'>>, 'SPLIT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Split'>>, 'SQRT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Sqrt'>>, 'STANDARD_HASH': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StandardHash'>>, 'STAR_MAP': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StarMap'>>, 'STARTS_WITH': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StartsWith'>>, 'STARTSWITH': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StartsWith'>>, 'STDDEV': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Stddev'>>, 'STDEV': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Stddev'>>, 'STDDEV_POP': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StddevPop'>>, 'STDDEV_SAMP': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StddevSamp'>>, 'STR_POSITION': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StrPosition'>>, 'STR_TO_DATE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StrToDate'>>, 'STR_TO_MAP': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StrToMap'>>, 'STR_TO_TIME': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StrToTime'>>, 'STR_TO_UNIX': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StrToUnix'>>, 'STRING_TO_ARRAY': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StringToArray'>>, 'SPLIT_BY_STRING': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StringToArray'>>, 'STRUCT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Struct'>>, 'STRUCT_EXTRACT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StructExtract'>>, 'STUFF': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Stuff'>>, 'INSERT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Stuff'>>, 'SUBSTRING': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Substring'>>, 'SUM': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Sum'>>, 'TIME': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Time'>>, 'TIME_ADD': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimeAdd'>>, 'TIME_DIFF': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimeDiff'>>, 'TIME_FROM_PARTS': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimeFromParts'>>, 'TIMEFROMPARTS': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimeFromParts'>>, 'TIME_STR_TO_DATE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimeStrToDate'>>, 'TIME_STR_TO_TIME': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimeStrToTime'>>, 'TIME_STR_TO_UNIX': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimeStrToUnix'>>, 'TIME_SUB': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimeSub'>>, 'TIME_TO_STR': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimeToStr'>>, 'TIME_TO_TIME_STR': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'TIME_TO_UNIX': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimeToUnix'>>, 'TIME_TRUNC': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimeTrunc'>>, 'TIMESTAMP': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Timestamp'>>, 'TIMESTAMP_ADD': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimestampAdd'>>, 'TIMESTAMPDIFF': <function _build_datediff>, 'TIMESTAMP_DIFF': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimestampDiff'>>, 'TIMESTAMP_FROM_PARTS': <function build_timestamp_from_parts>, 'TIMESTAMPFROMPARTS': <function build_timestamp_from_parts>, 'TIMESTAMP_SUB': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimestampSub'>>, 'TIMESTAMP_TRUNC': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimestampTrunc'>>, 'TO_ARRAY': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ToArray'>>, 'TO_BASE64': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ToBase64'>>, 'TO_CHAR': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ToChar'>>, 'TO_DAYS': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ToDays'>>, 'TO_MAP': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ToMap'>>, 'TO_NUMBER': <function Snowflake.Parser.<lambda>>, 'TRANSFORM': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Transform'>>, 'TRIM': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Trim'>>, 'TRY': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Try'>>, 'TRY_CAST': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TryCast'>>, 'TS_OR_DI_TO_DI': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TsOrDiToDi'>>, 'TS_OR_DS_ADD': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TsOrDsAdd'>>, 'TS_OR_DS_DIFF': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TsOrDsDiff'>>, 'TS_OR_DS_TO_DATE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TsOrDsToDate'>>, 'TS_OR_DS_TO_DATE_STR': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'TS_OR_DS_TO_TIME': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TsOrDsToTime'>>, 'TS_OR_DS_TO_TIMESTAMP': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TsOrDsToTimestamp'>>, 'UNHEX': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Unhex'>>, 'UNIX_DATE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.UnixDate'>>, 'UNIX_TO_STR': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.UnixToStr'>>, 'UNIX_TO_TIME': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.UnixToTime'>>, 'UNIX_TO_TIME_STR': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.UnixToTimeStr'>>, 'UNNEST': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'UPPER': <function build_upper>, 'UCASE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Upper'>>, 'VAR_MAP': <function build_var_map>, 'VARIANCE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Variance'>>, 'VARIANCE_SAMP': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Variance'>>, 'VAR_SAMP': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Variance'>>, 'VARIANCE_POP': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.VariancePop'>>, 'VAR_POP': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.VariancePop'>>, 'WEEK': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Week'>>, 'WEEK_OF_YEAR': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.WeekOfYear'>>, 'WEEKOFYEAR': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.WeekOfYear'>>, 'WHEN': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.When'>>, 'X_M_L_TABLE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.XMLTable'>>, 'XOR': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Xor'>>, 'YEAR': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Year'>>, 'GLOB': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'JSON_EXTRACT_PATH_TEXT': <function build_extract_json_with_path.<locals>._builder>, 'LIKE': <function build_like>, 'LOG2': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'LOG10': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'LPAD': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'LEFTPAD': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'MOD': <function build_mod>, 'RPAD': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'RIGHTPAD': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'SCOPE_RESOLUTION': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'TO_HEX': <function build_hex>, 'APPROX_PERCENTILE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ApproxQuantile'>>, 'ARRAYAGG': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayAgg'>>, 'ARRAY_CONSTRUCT': <function Snowflake.Parser.<lambda>>, 'ARRAY_GENERATE_RANGE': <function Snowflake.Parser.<lambda>>, 'BITXOR': <function binary_from_function.<locals>.<lambda>>, 'BIT_XOR': <function binary_from_function.<locals>.<lambda>>, 'BOOLXOR': <function binary_from_function.<locals>.<lambda>>, 'CONVERT_TIMEZONE': <function _build_convert_timezone>, 'DATEADD': <function _build_date_time_add.<locals>._builder>, 'DIV0': <function _build_if_from_div0>, 'GET_PATH': <function Snowflake.Parser.<lambda>>, 'IFF': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.If'>>, 'LISTAGG': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.GroupConcat'>>, 'MEDIAN': <function Snowflake.Parser.<lambda>>, 'NULLIFZERO': <function _build_if_from_nullifzero>, 'OBJECT_CONSTRUCT': <function _build_object_construct>, 'REGEXP_SUBSTR': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.RegexpExtract'>>, 'RLIKE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.RegexpLike'>>, 'SQUARE': <function Snowflake.Parser.<lambda>>, 'TIMEADD': <function _build_date_time_add.<locals>._builder>, 'TIMEDIFF': <function _build_datediff>, 'TIMESTAMPADD': <function _build_date_time_add.<locals>._builder>, 'TRY_PARSE_JSON': <function Snowflake.Parser.<lambda>>, 'TRY_TO_DATE': <function _build_datetime.<locals>._builder>, 'TO_DATE': <function _build_datetime.<locals>._builder>, 'TO_TIME': <function _build_datetime.<locals>._builder>, 'TO_TIMESTAMP': <function _build_datetime.<locals>._builder>, 'TO_TIMESTAMP_LTZ': <function _build_datetime.<locals>._builder>, 'TO_TIMESTAMP_NTZ': <function _build_datetime.<locals>._builder>, 'TO_TIMESTAMP_TZ': <function _build_datetime.<locals>._builder>, 'TO_VARCHAR': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ToChar'>>, 'ZEROIFNULL': <function _build_if_from_zeroifnull>}
FUNCTION_PARSERS = {'CAST': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'CONVERT': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'DECODE': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'EXTRACT': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'GAP_FILL': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'JSON_OBJECT': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'JSON_OBJECTAGG': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'JSON_TABLE': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'MATCH': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'OPENJSON': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'POSITION': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'PREDICT': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'SAFE_CAST': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'STRING_AGG': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'SUBSTRING': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'TRY_CAST': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'TRY_CONVERT': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'DATE_PART': <function Snowflake.Parser.<lambda>>, 'OBJECT_CONSTRUCT_KEEP_NULL': <function Snowflake.Parser.<lambda>>}
TIMESTAMPS = {<TokenType.TIMESTAMP: 'TIMESTAMP'>, <TokenType.TIMESTAMPLTZ: 'TIMESTAMPLTZ'>, <TokenType.TIMESTAMPTZ: 'TIMESTAMPTZ'>, <TokenType.TIMETZ: 'TIMETZ'>}
RANGE_PARSERS = {<TokenType.BETWEEN: 'BETWEEN'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.GLOB: 'GLOB'>: <function binary_range_parser.<locals>._parse_binary_range>, <TokenType.ILIKE: 'ILIKE'>: <function binary_range_parser.<locals>._parse_binary_range>, <TokenType.IN: 'IN'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.IRLIKE: 'IRLIKE'>: <function binary_range_parser.<locals>._parse_binary_range>, <TokenType.IS: 'IS'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.LIKE: 'LIKE'>: <function binary_range_parser.<locals>._parse_binary_range>, <TokenType.OVERLAPS: 'OVERLAPS'>: <function binary_range_parser.<locals>._parse_binary_range>, <TokenType.RLIKE: 'RLIKE'>: <function binary_range_parser.<locals>._parse_binary_range>, <TokenType.SIMILAR_TO: 'SIMILAR_TO'>: <function binary_range_parser.<locals>._parse_binary_range>, <TokenType.FOR: 'FOR'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.LIKE_ANY: 'LIKE_ANY'>: <function binary_range_parser.<locals>._parse_binary_range>, <TokenType.ILIKE_ANY: 'ILIKE_ANY'>: <function binary_range_parser.<locals>._parse_binary_range>}
ALTER_PARSERS = {'ADD': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'ALTER': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'CLUSTER BY': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'DELETE': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'DROP': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'RENAME': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'SET': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'UNSET': <function Snowflake.Parser.<lambda>>, 'SWAP': <function Snowflake.Parser.<lambda>>}
STATEMENT_PARSERS = {<TokenType.ALTER: 'ALTER'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.BEGIN: 'BEGIN'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.CACHE: 'CACHE'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.COMMENT: 'COMMENT'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.COMMIT: 'COMMIT'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.COPY: 'COPY'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.CREATE: 'CREATE'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.DELETE: 'DELETE'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.DESC: 'DESC'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.DESCRIBE: 'DESCRIBE'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.DROP: 'DROP'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.INSERT: 'INSERT'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.KILL: 'KILL'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.LOAD: 'LOAD'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.MERGE: 'MERGE'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.PIVOT: 'PIVOT'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.PRAGMA: 'PRAGMA'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.REFRESH: 'REFRESH'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.ROLLBACK: 'ROLLBACK'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.SET: 'SET'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.TRUNCATE: 'TRUNCATE'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.UNCACHE: 'UNCACHE'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.UPDATE: 'UPDATE'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.USE: 'USE'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.SEMICOLON: 'SEMICOLON'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.SHOW: 'SHOW'>: <function Snowflake.Parser.<lambda>>}
PROPERTY_PARSERS = {'ALLOWED_VALUES': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'ALGORITHM': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'AUTO': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'AUTO_INCREMENT': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'BACKUP': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'BLOCKCOMPRESSION': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'CHARSET': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'CHARACTER SET': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'CHECKSUM': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'CLUSTER BY': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'CLUSTERED': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'COLLATE': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'COMMENT': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'CONTAINS': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'COPY': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'DATABLOCKSIZE': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'DATA_DELETION': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'DEFINER': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'DETERMINISTIC': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'DYNAMIC': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'DISTKEY': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'DISTSTYLE': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'ENGINE': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'EXECUTE': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'EXTERNAL': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'FALLBACK': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'FORMAT': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'FREESPACE': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'GLOBAL': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'HEAP': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'ICEBERG': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'IMMUTABLE': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'INHERITS': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'INPUT': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'JOURNAL': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'LANGUAGE': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'LAYOUT': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'LIFETIME': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'LIKE': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'LOCATION': <function Snowflake.Parser.<lambda>>, 'LOCK': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'LOCKING': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'LOG': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'MATERIALIZED': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'MERGEBLOCKRATIO': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'MODIFIES': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'MULTISET': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'NO': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'ON': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'ORDER BY': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'OUTPUT': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'PARTITION': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'PARTITION BY': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'PARTITIONED BY': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'PARTITIONED_BY': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'PRIMARY KEY': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'RANGE': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'READS': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'REMOTE': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'RETURNS': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'STRICT': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'ROW': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'ROW_FORMAT': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'SAMPLE': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'SECURE': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'SET': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'SETTINGS': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'SHARING': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'SORTKEY': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'SOURCE': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'STABLE': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'STORED': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'SYSTEM_VERSIONING': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'TBLPROPERTIES': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'TEMP': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'TEMPORARY': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'TO': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'TRANSIENT': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'TRANSFORM': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'TTL': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'USING': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'UNLOGGED': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'VOLATILE': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'WITH': <function Parser.<lambda>>}
TYPE_CONVERTERS = {<Type.DECIMAL: 'DECIMAL'>: <function build_default_decimal_type.<locals>._builder>}
SHOW_PARSERS = {'SCHEMAS': <function _show_parser.<locals>._parse>, 'TERSE SCHEMAS': <function _show_parser.<locals>._parse>, 'OBJECTS': <function _show_parser.<locals>._parse>, 'TERSE OBJECTS': <function _show_parser.<locals>._parse>, 'TABLES': <function _show_parser.<locals>._parse>, 'TERSE TABLES': <function _show_parser.<locals>._parse>, 'VIEWS': <function _show_parser.<locals>._parse>, 'TERSE VIEWS': <function _show_parser.<locals>._parse>, 'PRIMARY KEYS': <function _show_parser.<locals>._parse>, 'TERSE PRIMARY KEYS': <function _show_parser.<locals>._parse>, 'IMPORTED KEYS': <function _show_parser.<locals>._parse>, 'TERSE IMPORTED KEYS': <function _show_parser.<locals>._parse>, 'UNIQUE KEYS': <function _show_parser.<locals>._parse>, 'TERSE UNIQUE KEYS': <function _show_parser.<locals>._parse>, 'SEQUENCES': <function _show_parser.<locals>._parse>, 'TERSE SEQUENCES': <function _show_parser.<locals>._parse>, 'COLUMNS': <function _show_parser.<locals>._parse>, 'USERS': <function _show_parser.<locals>._parse>, 'TERSE USERS': <function _show_parser.<locals>._parse>}
CONSTRAINT_PARSERS = {'AUTOINCREMENT': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'AUTO_INCREMENT': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'CASESPECIFIC': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'CHARACTER SET': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'CHECK': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'COLLATE': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'COMMENT': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'COMPRESS': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'CLUSTERED': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'NONCLUSTERED': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'DEFAULT': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'ENCODE': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'EPHEMERAL': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'EXCLUDE': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'FOREIGN KEY': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'FORMAT': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'GENERATED': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'IDENTITY': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'INLINE': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'LIKE': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'NOT': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'NULL': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'ON': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'PATH': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'PERIOD': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'PRIMARY KEY': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'REFERENCES': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'TITLE': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'TTL': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'UNIQUE': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'UPPERCASE': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'WITH': <function Snowflake.Parser.<lambda>>, 'MASKING': <function Snowflake.Parser.<lambda>>, 'PROJECTION': <function Snowflake.Parser.<lambda>>, 'TAG': <function Snowflake.Parser.<lambda>>}
STAGED_FILE_SINGLE_TOKENS = {<TokenType.DOT: 'DOT'>, <TokenType.SLASH: 'SLASH'>, <TokenType.MOD: 'MOD'>}
FLATTEN_COLUMNS = ['SEQ', 'KEY', 'PATH', 'INDEX', 'VALUE', 'THIS']
SCHEMA_KINDS = {'OBJECTS', 'SEQUENCES', 'VIEWS', 'TABLES', 'UNIQUE KEYS', 'IMPORTED KEYS'}
NON_TABLE_CREATABLES = {'STORAGE INTEGRATION', 'WAREHOUSE', 'TAG', 'STREAMLIT'}
LAMBDAS = {<TokenType.ARROW: 'ARROW'>: <function Snowflake.Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.FARROW: 'FARROW'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>}
SHOW_TRIE: Dict = {'SCHEMAS': {0: True}, 'TERSE': {'SCHEMAS': {0: True}, 'OBJECTS': {0: True}, 'TABLES': {0: True}, 'VIEWS': {0: True}, 'PRIMARY': {'KEYS': {0: True}}, 'IMPORTED': {'KEYS': {0: True}}, 'UNIQUE': {'KEYS': {0: True}}, 'SEQUENCES': {0: True}, 'USERS': {0: True}}, 'OBJECTS': {0: True}, 'TABLES': {0: True}, 'VIEWS': {0: True}, 'PRIMARY': {'KEYS': {0: True}}, 'IMPORTED': {'KEYS': {0: True}}, 'UNIQUE': {'KEYS': {0: True}}, 'SEQUENCES': {0: True}, 'COLUMNS': {0: True}, 'USERS': {0: True}}
SET_TRIE: Dict = {'GLOBAL': {0: True}, 'LOCAL': {0: True}, 'SESSION': {0: True}, 'TRANSACTION': {0: True}}
Inherited Members
sqlglot.parser.Parser
Parser
NO_PAREN_FUNCTIONS
STRUCT_TYPE_TOKENS
NESTED_TYPE_TOKENS
ENUM_TYPE_TOKENS
AGGREGATE_TYPE_TOKENS
TYPE_TOKENS
SIGNED_TO_UNSIGNED_TYPE_TOKEN
SUBQUERY_PREDICATES
RESERVED_TOKENS
DB_CREATABLES
CREATABLES
INTERVAL_VARS
ALIAS_TOKENS
ARRAY_CONSTRUCTORS
COMMENT_TABLE_ALIAS_TOKENS
UPDATE_ALIAS_TOKENS
TRIM_TYPES
FUNC_TOKENS
CONJUNCTION
ASSIGNMENT
DISJUNCTION
EQUALITY
COMPARISON
BITWISE
TERM
FACTOR
EXPONENT
TIMES
SET_OPERATIONS
JOIN_METHODS
JOIN_SIDES
JOIN_KINDS
JOIN_HINTS
COLUMN_OPERATORS
EXPRESSION_PARSERS
UNARY_PARSERS
STRING_PARSERS
NUMERIC_PARSERS
PRIMARY_PARSERS
PLACEHOLDER_PARSERS
ALTER_ALTER_PARSERS
SCHEMA_UNNAMED_CONSTRAINTS
NO_PAREN_FUNCTION_PARSERS
INVALID_FUNC_NAME_TOKENS
FUNCTIONS_WITH_ALIASED_ARGS
KEY_VALUE_DEFINITIONS
QUERY_MODIFIER_PARSERS
SET_PARSERS
TYPE_LITERAL_PARSERS
DDL_SELECT_TOKENS
PRE_VOLATILE_TOKENS
TRANSACTION_KIND
TRANSACTION_CHARACTERISTICS
CONFLICT_ACTIONS
CREATE_SEQUENCE
ISOLATED_LOADING_OPTIONS
USABLES
CAST_ACTIONS
SCHEMA_BINDING_OPTIONS
KEY_CONSTRAINT_OPTIONS
INSERT_ALTERNATIVES
CLONE_KEYWORDS
HISTORICAL_DATA_PREFIX
HISTORICAL_DATA_KIND
OPCLASS_FOLLOW_KEYWORDS
OPTYPE_FOLLOW_TOKENS
TABLE_INDEX_HINT_TOKENS
VIEW_ATTRIBUTES
WINDOW_ALIAS_TOKENS
WINDOW_BEFORE_PAREN_TOKENS
WINDOW_SIDES
JSON_KEY_VALUE_SEPARATOR_TOKENS
FETCH_TOKENS
ADD_CONSTRAINT_TOKENS
DISTINCT_TOKENS
NULL_TOKENS
UNNEST_OFFSET_ALIAS_TOKENS
SELECT_START_TOKENS
COPY_INTO_VARLEN_OPTIONS
STRICT_CAST
PREFIXED_PIVOT_COLUMNS
LOG_DEFAULTS_TO_LN
ALTER_TABLE_ADD_REQUIRED_FOR_EACH_COLUMN
TABLESAMPLE_CSV
SET_REQUIRES_ASSIGNMENT_DELIMITER
TRIM_PATTERN_FIRST
STRING_ALIASES
MODIFIERS_ATTACHED_TO_SET_OP
SET_OP_MODIFIERS
NO_PAREN_IF_COMMANDS
JSON_ARROWS_REQUIRE_JSON_TYPE
VALUES_FOLLOWED_BY_PAREN
SUPPORTS_IMPLICIT_UNNEST
INTERVAL_SPANS
SUPPORTS_PARTITION_SELECTION
error_level
error_message_context
max_errors
dialect
reset
parse
parse_into
check_errors
raise_error
expression
validate_expression
errors
sql
class Snowflake.Tokenizer(sqlglot.tokens.Tokenizer):
637    class Tokenizer(tokens.Tokenizer):
638        STRING_ESCAPES = ["\\", "'"]
639        HEX_STRINGS = [("x'", "'"), ("X'", "'")]
640        RAW_STRINGS = ["$$"]
641        COMMENTS = ["--", "//", ("/*", "*/")]
642
643        KEYWORDS = {
644            **tokens.Tokenizer.KEYWORDS,
645            "BYTEINT": TokenType.INT,
646            "CHAR VARYING": TokenType.VARCHAR,
647            "CHARACTER VARYING": TokenType.VARCHAR,
648            "EXCLUDE": TokenType.EXCEPT,
649            "ILIKE ANY": TokenType.ILIKE_ANY,
650            "LIKE ANY": TokenType.LIKE_ANY,
651            "MATCH_CONDITION": TokenType.MATCH_CONDITION,
652            "MATCH_RECOGNIZE": TokenType.MATCH_RECOGNIZE,
653            "MINUS": TokenType.EXCEPT,
654            "NCHAR VARYING": TokenType.VARCHAR,
655            "PUT": TokenType.COMMAND,
656            "REMOVE": TokenType.COMMAND,
657            "RM": TokenType.COMMAND,
658            "SAMPLE": TokenType.TABLE_SAMPLE,
659            "SQL_DOUBLE": TokenType.DOUBLE,
660            "SQL_VARCHAR": TokenType.VARCHAR,
661            "STORAGE INTEGRATION": TokenType.STORAGE_INTEGRATION,
662            "TAG": TokenType.TAG,
663            "TIMESTAMP_TZ": TokenType.TIMESTAMPTZ,
664            "TOP": TokenType.TOP,
665            "WAREHOUSE": TokenType.WAREHOUSE,
666            "STREAMLIT": TokenType.STREAMLIT,
667        }
668        KEYWORDS.pop("/*+")
669
670        SINGLE_TOKENS = {
671            **tokens.Tokenizer.SINGLE_TOKENS,
672            "$": TokenType.PARAMETER,
673        }
674
675        VAR_SINGLE_TOKENS = {"$"}
676
677        COMMANDS = tokens.Tokenizer.COMMANDS - {TokenType.SHOW}
STRING_ESCAPES = ['\\', "'"]
HEX_STRINGS = [("x'", "'"), ("X'", "'")]
RAW_STRINGS = ['$$']
COMMENTS = ['--', '//', ('/*', '*/')]
KEYWORDS = {'{%': <TokenType.BLOCK_START: 'BLOCK_START'>, '{%+': <TokenType.BLOCK_START: 'BLOCK_START'>, '{%-': <TokenType.BLOCK_START: 'BLOCK_START'>, '%}': <TokenType.BLOCK_END: 'BLOCK_END'>, '+%}': <TokenType.BLOCK_END: 'BLOCK_END'>, '-%}': <TokenType.BLOCK_END: 'BLOCK_END'>, '{{+': <TokenType.BLOCK_START: 'BLOCK_START'>, '{{-': <TokenType.BLOCK_START: 'BLOCK_START'>, '+}}': <TokenType.BLOCK_END: 'BLOCK_END'>, '-}}': <TokenType.BLOCK_END: 'BLOCK_END'>, '==': <TokenType.EQ: 'EQ'>, '::': <TokenType.DCOLON: 'DCOLON'>, '||': <TokenType.DPIPE: 'DPIPE'>, '>=': <TokenType.GTE: 'GTE'>, '<=': <TokenType.LTE: 'LTE'>, '<>': <TokenType.NEQ: 'NEQ'>, '!=': <TokenType.NEQ: 'NEQ'>, ':=': <TokenType.COLON_EQ: 'COLON_EQ'>, '<=>': <TokenType.NULLSAFE_EQ: 'NULLSAFE_EQ'>, '->': <TokenType.ARROW: 'ARROW'>, '->>': <TokenType.DARROW: 'DARROW'>, '=>': <TokenType.FARROW: 'FARROW'>, '#>': <TokenType.HASH_ARROW: 'HASH_ARROW'>, '#>>': <TokenType.DHASH_ARROW: 'DHASH_ARROW'>, '<->': <TokenType.LR_ARROW: 'LR_ARROW'>, '&&': <TokenType.DAMP: 'DAMP'>, '??': <TokenType.DQMARK: 'DQMARK'>, 'ALL': <TokenType.ALL: 'ALL'>, 'ALWAYS': <TokenType.ALWAYS: 'ALWAYS'>, 'AND': <TokenType.AND: 'AND'>, 'ANTI': <TokenType.ANTI: 'ANTI'>, 'ANY': <TokenType.ANY: 'ANY'>, 'ASC': <TokenType.ASC: 'ASC'>, 'AS': <TokenType.ALIAS: 'ALIAS'>, 'ASOF': <TokenType.ASOF: 'ASOF'>, 'AUTOINCREMENT': <TokenType.AUTO_INCREMENT: 'AUTO_INCREMENT'>, 'AUTO_INCREMENT': <TokenType.AUTO_INCREMENT: 'AUTO_INCREMENT'>, 'BEGIN': <TokenType.BEGIN: 'BEGIN'>, 'BETWEEN': <TokenType.BETWEEN: 'BETWEEN'>, 'CACHE': <TokenType.CACHE: 'CACHE'>, 'UNCACHE': <TokenType.UNCACHE: 'UNCACHE'>, 'CASE': <TokenType.CASE: 'CASE'>, 'CHARACTER SET': <TokenType.CHARACTER_SET: 'CHARACTER_SET'>, 'CLUSTER BY': <TokenType.CLUSTER_BY: 'CLUSTER_BY'>, 'COLLATE': <TokenType.COLLATE: 'COLLATE'>, 'COLUMN': <TokenType.COLUMN: 'COLUMN'>, 'COMMIT': <TokenType.COMMIT: 'COMMIT'>, 'CONNECT BY': <TokenType.CONNECT_BY: 'CONNECT_BY'>, 'CONSTRAINT': <TokenType.CONSTRAINT: 'CONSTRAINT'>, 'COPY': <TokenType.COPY: 'COPY'>, 'CREATE': <TokenType.CREATE: 'CREATE'>, 'CROSS': <TokenType.CROSS: 'CROSS'>, 'CUBE': <TokenType.CUBE: 'CUBE'>, 'CURRENT_DATE': <TokenType.CURRENT_DATE: 'CURRENT_DATE'>, 'CURRENT_TIME': <TokenType.CURRENT_TIME: 'CURRENT_TIME'>, 'CURRENT_TIMESTAMP': <TokenType.CURRENT_TIMESTAMP: 'CURRENT_TIMESTAMP'>, 'CURRENT_USER': <TokenType.CURRENT_USER: 'CURRENT_USER'>, 'DATABASE': <TokenType.DATABASE: 'DATABASE'>, 'DEFAULT': <TokenType.DEFAULT: 'DEFAULT'>, 'DELETE': <TokenType.DELETE: 'DELETE'>, 'DESC': <TokenType.DESC: 'DESC'>, 'DESCRIBE': <TokenType.DESCRIBE: 'DESCRIBE'>, 'DISTINCT': <TokenType.DISTINCT: 'DISTINCT'>, 'DISTRIBUTE BY': <TokenType.DISTRIBUTE_BY: 'DISTRIBUTE_BY'>, 'DIV': <TokenType.DIV: 'DIV'>, 'DROP': <TokenType.DROP: 'DROP'>, 'ELSE': <TokenType.ELSE: 'ELSE'>, 'END': <TokenType.END: 'END'>, 'ENUM': <TokenType.ENUM: 'ENUM'>, 'ESCAPE': <TokenType.ESCAPE: 'ESCAPE'>, 'EXCEPT': <TokenType.EXCEPT: 'EXCEPT'>, 'EXECUTE': <TokenType.EXECUTE: 'EXECUTE'>, 'EXISTS': <TokenType.EXISTS: 'EXISTS'>, 'FALSE': <TokenType.FALSE: 'FALSE'>, 'FETCH': <TokenType.FETCH: 'FETCH'>, 'FILTER': <TokenType.FILTER: 'FILTER'>, 'FIRST': <TokenType.FIRST: 'FIRST'>, 'FULL': <TokenType.FULL: 'FULL'>, 'FUNCTION': <TokenType.FUNCTION: 'FUNCTION'>, 'FOR': <TokenType.FOR: 'FOR'>, 'FOREIGN KEY': <TokenType.FOREIGN_KEY: 'FOREIGN_KEY'>, 'FORMAT': <TokenType.FORMAT: 'FORMAT'>, 'FROM': <TokenType.FROM: 'FROM'>, 'GEOGRAPHY': <TokenType.GEOGRAPHY: 'GEOGRAPHY'>, 'GEOMETRY': <TokenType.GEOMETRY: 'GEOMETRY'>, 'GLOB': <TokenType.GLOB: 'GLOB'>, 'GROUP BY': <TokenType.GROUP_BY: 'GROUP_BY'>, 'GROUPING SETS': <TokenType.GROUPING_SETS: 'GROUPING_SETS'>, 'HAVING': <TokenType.HAVING: 'HAVING'>, 'ILIKE': <TokenType.ILIKE: 'ILIKE'>, 'IN': <TokenType.IN: 'IN'>, 'INDEX': <TokenType.INDEX: 'INDEX'>, 'INET': <TokenType.INET: 'INET'>, 'INNER': <TokenType.INNER: 'INNER'>, 'INSERT': <TokenType.INSERT: 'INSERT'>, 'INTERVAL': <TokenType.INTERVAL: 'INTERVAL'>, 'INTERSECT': <TokenType.INTERSECT: 'INTERSECT'>, 'INTO': <TokenType.INTO: 'INTO'>, 'IS': <TokenType.IS: 'IS'>, 'ISNULL': <TokenType.ISNULL: 'ISNULL'>, 'JOIN': <TokenType.JOIN: 'JOIN'>, 'KEEP': <TokenType.KEEP: 'KEEP'>, 'KILL': <TokenType.KILL: 'KILL'>, 'LATERAL': <TokenType.LATERAL: 'LATERAL'>, 'LEFT': <TokenType.LEFT: 'LEFT'>, 'LIKE': <TokenType.LIKE: 'LIKE'>, 'LIMIT': <TokenType.LIMIT: 'LIMIT'>, 'LOAD': <TokenType.LOAD: 'LOAD'>, 'LOCK': <TokenType.LOCK: 'LOCK'>, 'MERGE': <TokenType.MERGE: 'MERGE'>, 'NATURAL': <TokenType.NATURAL: 'NATURAL'>, 'NEXT': <TokenType.NEXT: 'NEXT'>, 'NOT': <TokenType.NOT: 'NOT'>, 'NOTNULL': <TokenType.NOTNULL: 'NOTNULL'>, 'NULL': <TokenType.NULL: 'NULL'>, 'OBJECT': <TokenType.OBJECT: 'OBJECT'>, 'OFFSET': <TokenType.OFFSET: 'OFFSET'>, 'ON': <TokenType.ON: 'ON'>, 'OR': <TokenType.OR: 'OR'>, 'XOR': <TokenType.XOR: 'XOR'>, 'ORDER BY': <TokenType.ORDER_BY: 'ORDER_BY'>, 'ORDINALITY': <TokenType.ORDINALITY: 'ORDINALITY'>, 'OUTER': <TokenType.OUTER: 'OUTER'>, 'OVER': <TokenType.OVER: 'OVER'>, 'OVERLAPS': <TokenType.OVERLAPS: 'OVERLAPS'>, 'OVERWRITE': <TokenType.OVERWRITE: 'OVERWRITE'>, 'PARTITION': <TokenType.PARTITION: 'PARTITION'>, 'PARTITION BY': <TokenType.PARTITION_BY: 'PARTITION_BY'>, 'PARTITIONED BY': <TokenType.PARTITION_BY: 'PARTITION_BY'>, 'PARTITIONED_BY': <TokenType.PARTITION_BY: 'PARTITION_BY'>, 'PERCENT': <TokenType.PERCENT: 'PERCENT'>, 'PIVOT': <TokenType.PIVOT: 'PIVOT'>, 'PRAGMA': <TokenType.PRAGMA: 'PRAGMA'>, 'PRIMARY KEY': <TokenType.PRIMARY_KEY: 'PRIMARY_KEY'>, 'PROCEDURE': <TokenType.PROCEDURE: 'PROCEDURE'>, 'QUALIFY': <TokenType.QUALIFY: 'QUALIFY'>, 'RANGE': <TokenType.RANGE: 'RANGE'>, 'RECURSIVE': <TokenType.RECURSIVE: 'RECURSIVE'>, 'REGEXP': <TokenType.RLIKE: 'RLIKE'>, 'RENAME': <TokenType.RENAME: 'RENAME'>, 'REPLACE': <TokenType.REPLACE: 'REPLACE'>, 'RETURNING': <TokenType.RETURNING: 'RETURNING'>, 'REFERENCES': <TokenType.REFERENCES: 'REFERENCES'>, 'RIGHT': <TokenType.RIGHT: 'RIGHT'>, 'RLIKE': <TokenType.RLIKE: 'RLIKE'>, 'ROLLBACK': <TokenType.ROLLBACK: 'ROLLBACK'>, 'ROLLUP': <TokenType.ROLLUP: 'ROLLUP'>, 'ROW': <TokenType.ROW: 'ROW'>, 'ROWS': <TokenType.ROWS: 'ROWS'>, 'SCHEMA': <TokenType.SCHEMA: 'SCHEMA'>, 'SELECT': <TokenType.SELECT: 'SELECT'>, 'SEMI': <TokenType.SEMI: 'SEMI'>, 'SET': <TokenType.SET: 'SET'>, 'SETTINGS': <TokenType.SETTINGS: 'SETTINGS'>, 'SHOW': <TokenType.SHOW: 'SHOW'>, 'SIMILAR TO': <TokenType.SIMILAR_TO: 'SIMILAR_TO'>, 'SOME': <TokenType.SOME: 'SOME'>, 'SORT BY': <TokenType.SORT_BY: 'SORT_BY'>, 'START WITH': <TokenType.START_WITH: 'START_WITH'>, 'STRAIGHT_JOIN': <TokenType.STRAIGHT_JOIN: 'STRAIGHT_JOIN'>, 'TABLE': <TokenType.TABLE: 'TABLE'>, 'TABLESAMPLE': <TokenType.TABLE_SAMPLE: 'TABLE_SAMPLE'>, 'TEMP': <TokenType.TEMPORARY: 'TEMPORARY'>, 'TEMPORARY': <TokenType.TEMPORARY: 'TEMPORARY'>, 'THEN': <TokenType.THEN: 'THEN'>, 'TRUE': <TokenType.TRUE: 'TRUE'>, 'TRUNCATE': <TokenType.TRUNCATE: 'TRUNCATE'>, 'UNION': <TokenType.UNION: 'UNION'>, 'UNKNOWN': <TokenType.UNKNOWN: 'UNKNOWN'>, 'UNNEST': <TokenType.UNNEST: 'UNNEST'>, 'UNPIVOT': <TokenType.UNPIVOT: 'UNPIVOT'>, 'UPDATE': <TokenType.UPDATE: 'UPDATE'>, 'USE': <TokenType.USE: 'USE'>, 'USING': <TokenType.USING: 'USING'>, 'UUID': <TokenType.UUID: 'UUID'>, 'VALUES': <TokenType.VALUES: 'VALUES'>, 'VIEW': <TokenType.VIEW: 'VIEW'>, 'VOLATILE': <TokenType.VOLATILE: 'VOLATILE'>, 'WHEN': <TokenType.WHEN: 'WHEN'>, 'WHERE': <TokenType.WHERE: 'WHERE'>, 'WINDOW': <TokenType.WINDOW: 'WINDOW'>, 'WITH': <TokenType.WITH: 'WITH'>, 'APPLY': <TokenType.APPLY: 'APPLY'>, 'ARRAY': <TokenType.ARRAY: 'ARRAY'>, 'BIT': <TokenType.BIT: 'BIT'>, 'BOOL': <TokenType.BOOLEAN: 'BOOLEAN'>, 'BOOLEAN': <TokenType.BOOLEAN: 'BOOLEAN'>, 'BYTE': <TokenType.TINYINT: 'TINYINT'>, 'MEDIUMINT': <TokenType.MEDIUMINT: 'MEDIUMINT'>, 'INT1': <TokenType.TINYINT: 'TINYINT'>, 'TINYINT': <TokenType.TINYINT: 'TINYINT'>, 'INT16': <TokenType.SMALLINT: 'SMALLINT'>, 'SHORT': <TokenType.SMALLINT: 'SMALLINT'>, 'SMALLINT': <TokenType.SMALLINT: 'SMALLINT'>, 'INT128': <TokenType.INT128: 'INT128'>, 'HUGEINT': <TokenType.INT128: 'INT128'>, 'INT2': <TokenType.SMALLINT: 'SMALLINT'>, 'INTEGER': <TokenType.INT: 'INT'>, 'INT': <TokenType.INT: 'INT'>, 'INT4': <TokenType.INT: 'INT'>, 'INT32': <TokenType.INT: 'INT'>, 'INT64': <TokenType.BIGINT: 'BIGINT'>, 'LONG': <TokenType.BIGINT: 'BIGINT'>, 'BIGINT': <TokenType.BIGINT: 'BIGINT'>, 'INT8': <TokenType.TINYINT: 'TINYINT'>, 'UINT': <TokenType.UINT: 'UINT'>, 'DEC': <TokenType.DECIMAL: 'DECIMAL'>, 'DECIMAL': <TokenType.DECIMAL: 'DECIMAL'>, 'BIGDECIMAL': <TokenType.BIGDECIMAL: 'BIGDECIMAL'>, 'BIGNUMERIC': <TokenType.BIGDECIMAL: 'BIGDECIMAL'>, 'LIST': <TokenType.LIST: 'LIST'>, 'MAP': <TokenType.MAP: 'MAP'>, 'NULLABLE': <TokenType.NULLABLE: 'NULLABLE'>, 'NUMBER': <TokenType.DECIMAL: 'DECIMAL'>, 'NUMERIC': <TokenType.DECIMAL: 'DECIMAL'>, 'FIXED': <TokenType.DECIMAL: 'DECIMAL'>, 'REAL': <TokenType.FLOAT: 'FLOAT'>, 'FLOAT': <TokenType.FLOAT: 'FLOAT'>, 'FLOAT4': <TokenType.FLOAT: 'FLOAT'>, 'FLOAT8': <TokenType.DOUBLE: 'DOUBLE'>, 'DOUBLE': <TokenType.DOUBLE: 'DOUBLE'>, 'DOUBLE PRECISION': <TokenType.DOUBLE: 'DOUBLE'>, 'JSON': <TokenType.JSON: 'JSON'>, 'JSONB': <TokenType.JSONB: 'JSONB'>, 'CHAR': <TokenType.CHAR: 'CHAR'>, 'CHARACTER': <TokenType.CHAR: 'CHAR'>, 'NCHAR': <TokenType.NCHAR: 'NCHAR'>, 'VARCHAR': <TokenType.VARCHAR: 'VARCHAR'>, 'VARCHAR2': <TokenType.VARCHAR: 'VARCHAR'>, 'NVARCHAR': <TokenType.NVARCHAR: 'NVARCHAR'>, 'NVARCHAR2': <TokenType.NVARCHAR: 'NVARCHAR'>, 'BPCHAR': <TokenType.BPCHAR: 'BPCHAR'>, 'STR': <TokenType.TEXT: 'TEXT'>, 'STRING': <TokenType.TEXT: 'TEXT'>, 'TEXT': <TokenType.TEXT: 'TEXT'>, 'LONGTEXT': <TokenType.LONGTEXT: 'LONGTEXT'>, 'MEDIUMTEXT': <TokenType.MEDIUMTEXT: 'MEDIUMTEXT'>, 'TINYTEXT': <TokenType.TINYTEXT: 'TINYTEXT'>, 'CLOB': <TokenType.TEXT: 'TEXT'>, 'LONGVARCHAR': <TokenType.TEXT: 'TEXT'>, 'BINARY': <TokenType.BINARY: 'BINARY'>, 'BLOB': <TokenType.VARBINARY: 'VARBINARY'>, 'LONGBLOB': <TokenType.LONGBLOB: 'LONGBLOB'>, 'MEDIUMBLOB': <TokenType.MEDIUMBLOB: 'MEDIUMBLOB'>, 'TINYBLOB': <TokenType.TINYBLOB: 'TINYBLOB'>, 'BYTEA': <TokenType.VARBINARY: 'VARBINARY'>, 'VARBINARY': <TokenType.VARBINARY: 'VARBINARY'>, 'TIME': <TokenType.TIME: 'TIME'>, 'TIMETZ': <TokenType.TIMETZ: 'TIMETZ'>, 'TIMESTAMP': <TokenType.TIMESTAMP: 'TIMESTAMP'>, 'TIMESTAMPTZ': <TokenType.TIMESTAMPTZ: 'TIMESTAMPTZ'>, 'TIMESTAMPLTZ': <TokenType.TIMESTAMPLTZ: 'TIMESTAMPLTZ'>, 'TIMESTAMP_LTZ': <TokenType.TIMESTAMPLTZ: 'TIMESTAMPLTZ'>, 'TIMESTAMPNTZ': <TokenType.TIMESTAMPNTZ: 'TIMESTAMPNTZ'>, 'TIMESTAMP_NTZ': <TokenType.TIMESTAMPNTZ: 'TIMESTAMPNTZ'>, 'DATE': <TokenType.DATE: 'DATE'>, 'DATETIME': <TokenType.DATETIME: 'DATETIME'>, 'INT4RANGE': <TokenType.INT4RANGE: 'INT4RANGE'>, 'INT4MULTIRANGE': <TokenType.INT4MULTIRANGE: 'INT4MULTIRANGE'>, 'INT8RANGE': <TokenType.INT8RANGE: 'INT8RANGE'>, 'INT8MULTIRANGE': <TokenType.INT8MULTIRANGE: 'INT8MULTIRANGE'>, 'NUMRANGE': <TokenType.NUMRANGE: 'NUMRANGE'>, 'NUMMULTIRANGE': <TokenType.NUMMULTIRANGE: 'NUMMULTIRANGE'>, 'TSRANGE': <TokenType.TSRANGE: 'TSRANGE'>, 'TSMULTIRANGE': <TokenType.TSMULTIRANGE: 'TSMULTIRANGE'>, 'TSTZRANGE': <TokenType.TSTZRANGE: 'TSTZRANGE'>, 'TSTZMULTIRANGE': <TokenType.TSTZMULTIRANGE: 'TSTZMULTIRANGE'>, 'DATERANGE': <TokenType.DATERANGE: 'DATERANGE'>, 'DATEMULTIRANGE': <TokenType.DATEMULTIRANGE: 'DATEMULTIRANGE'>, 'UNIQUE': <TokenType.UNIQUE: 'UNIQUE'>, 'VECTOR': <TokenType.VECTOR: 'VECTOR'>, 'STRUCT': <TokenType.STRUCT: 'STRUCT'>, 'SEQUENCE': <TokenType.SEQUENCE: 'SEQUENCE'>, 'VARIANT': <TokenType.VARIANT: 'VARIANT'>, 'ALTER': <TokenType.ALTER: 'ALTER'>, 'ANALYZE': <TokenType.COMMAND: 'COMMAND'>, 'CALL': <TokenType.COMMAND: 'COMMAND'>, 'COMMENT': <TokenType.COMMENT: 'COMMENT'>, 'EXPLAIN': <TokenType.COMMAND: 'COMMAND'>, 'GRANT': <TokenType.COMMAND: 'COMMAND'>, 'OPTIMIZE': <TokenType.COMMAND: 'COMMAND'>, 'PREPARE': <TokenType.COMMAND: 'COMMAND'>, 'VACUUM': <TokenType.COMMAND: 'COMMAND'>, 'USER-DEFINED': <TokenType.USERDEFINED: 'USERDEFINED'>, 'FOR VERSION': <TokenType.VERSION_SNAPSHOT: 'VERSION_SNAPSHOT'>, 'FOR TIMESTAMP': <TokenType.TIMESTAMP_SNAPSHOT: 'TIMESTAMP_SNAPSHOT'>, 'BYTEINT': <TokenType.INT: 'INT'>, 'CHAR VARYING': <TokenType.VARCHAR: 'VARCHAR'>, 'CHARACTER VARYING': <TokenType.VARCHAR: 'VARCHAR'>, 'EXCLUDE': <TokenType.EXCEPT: 'EXCEPT'>, 'ILIKE ANY': <TokenType.ILIKE_ANY: 'ILIKE_ANY'>, 'LIKE ANY': <TokenType.LIKE_ANY: 'LIKE_ANY'>, 'MATCH_CONDITION': <TokenType.MATCH_CONDITION: 'MATCH_CONDITION'>, 'MATCH_RECOGNIZE': <TokenType.MATCH_RECOGNIZE: 'MATCH_RECOGNIZE'>, 'MINUS': <TokenType.EXCEPT: 'EXCEPT'>, 'NCHAR VARYING': <TokenType.VARCHAR: 'VARCHAR'>, 'PUT': <TokenType.COMMAND: 'COMMAND'>, 'REMOVE': <TokenType.COMMAND: 'COMMAND'>, 'RM': <TokenType.COMMAND: 'COMMAND'>, 'SAMPLE': <TokenType.TABLE_SAMPLE: 'TABLE_SAMPLE'>, 'SQL_DOUBLE': <TokenType.DOUBLE: 'DOUBLE'>, 'SQL_VARCHAR': <TokenType.VARCHAR: 'VARCHAR'>, 'STORAGE INTEGRATION': <TokenType.STORAGE_INTEGRATION: 'STORAGE_INTEGRATION'>, 'TAG': <TokenType.TAG: 'TAG'>, 'TIMESTAMP_TZ': <TokenType.TIMESTAMPTZ: 'TIMESTAMPTZ'>, 'TOP': <TokenType.TOP: 'TOP'>, 'WAREHOUSE': <TokenType.WAREHOUSE: 'WAREHOUSE'>, 'STREAMLIT': <TokenType.STREAMLIT: 'STREAMLIT'>}
SINGLE_TOKENS = {'(': <TokenType.L_PAREN: 'L_PAREN'>, ')': <TokenType.R_PAREN: 'R_PAREN'>, '[': <TokenType.L_BRACKET: 'L_BRACKET'>, ']': <TokenType.R_BRACKET: 'R_BRACKET'>, '{': <TokenType.L_BRACE: 'L_BRACE'>, '}': <TokenType.R_BRACE: 'R_BRACE'>, '&': <TokenType.AMP: 'AMP'>, '^': <TokenType.CARET: 'CARET'>, ':': <TokenType.COLON: 'COLON'>, ',': <TokenType.COMMA: 'COMMA'>, '.': <TokenType.DOT: 'DOT'>, '-': <TokenType.DASH: 'DASH'>, '=': <TokenType.EQ: 'EQ'>, '>': <TokenType.GT: 'GT'>, '<': <TokenType.LT: 'LT'>, '%': <TokenType.MOD: 'MOD'>, '!': <TokenType.NOT: 'NOT'>, '|': <TokenType.PIPE: 'PIPE'>, '+': <TokenType.PLUS: 'PLUS'>, ';': <TokenType.SEMICOLON: 'SEMICOLON'>, '/': <TokenType.SLASH: 'SLASH'>, '\\': <TokenType.BACKSLASH: 'BACKSLASH'>, '*': <TokenType.STAR: 'STAR'>, '~': <TokenType.TILDA: 'TILDA'>, '?': <TokenType.PLACEHOLDER: 'PLACEHOLDER'>, '@': <TokenType.PARAMETER: 'PARAMETER'>, '#': <TokenType.HASH: 'HASH'>, "'": <TokenType.UNKNOWN: 'UNKNOWN'>, '`': <TokenType.UNKNOWN: 'UNKNOWN'>, '"': <TokenType.UNKNOWN: 'UNKNOWN'>, '$': <TokenType.PARAMETER: 'PARAMETER'>}
VAR_SINGLE_TOKENS = {'$'}
COMMANDS = {<TokenType.RENAME: 'RENAME'>, <TokenType.EXECUTE: 'EXECUTE'>, <TokenType.COMMAND: 'COMMAND'>, <TokenType.FETCH: 'FETCH'>}
class Snowflake.Generator(sqlglot.generator.Generator):
 679    class Generator(generator.Generator):
 680        PARAMETER_TOKEN = "$"
 681        MATCHED_BY_SOURCE = False
 682        SINGLE_STRING_INTERVAL = True
 683        JOIN_HINTS = False
 684        TABLE_HINTS = False
 685        QUERY_HINTS = False
 686        AGGREGATE_FILTER_SUPPORTED = False
 687        SUPPORTS_TABLE_COPY = False
 688        COLLATE_IS_FUNC = True
 689        LIMIT_ONLY_LITERALS = True
 690        JSON_KEY_VALUE_PAIR_SEP = ","
 691        INSERT_OVERWRITE = " OVERWRITE INTO"
 692        STRUCT_DELIMITER = ("(", ")")
 693        COPY_PARAMS_ARE_WRAPPED = False
 694        COPY_PARAMS_EQ_REQUIRED = True
 695        STAR_EXCEPT = "EXCLUDE"
 696        SUPPORTS_EXPLODING_PROJECTIONS = False
 697        ARRAY_CONCAT_IS_VAR_LEN = False
 698
 699        TRANSFORMS = {
 700            **generator.Generator.TRANSFORMS,
 701            exp.ApproxDistinct: rename_func("APPROX_COUNT_DISTINCT"),
 702            exp.ArgMax: rename_func("MAX_BY"),
 703            exp.ArgMin: rename_func("MIN_BY"),
 704            exp.Array: inline_array_sql,
 705            exp.ArrayConcat: lambda self, e: self.arrayconcat_sql(e, name="ARRAY_CAT"),
 706            exp.ArrayContains: lambda self, e: self.func("ARRAY_CONTAINS", e.expression, e.this),
 707            exp.AtTimeZone: lambda self, e: self.func(
 708                "CONVERT_TIMEZONE", e.args.get("zone"), e.this
 709            ),
 710            exp.BitwiseXor: rename_func("BITXOR"),
 711            exp.Create: transforms.preprocess([_flatten_structured_types_unless_iceberg]),
 712            exp.DateAdd: date_delta_sql("DATEADD"),
 713            exp.DateDiff: date_delta_sql("DATEDIFF"),
 714            exp.DateStrToDate: datestrtodate_sql,
 715            exp.DayOfMonth: rename_func("DAYOFMONTH"),
 716            exp.DayOfWeek: rename_func("DAYOFWEEK"),
 717            exp.DayOfYear: rename_func("DAYOFYEAR"),
 718            exp.Explode: rename_func("FLATTEN"),
 719            exp.Extract: rename_func("DATE_PART"),
 720            exp.FromTimeZone: lambda self, e: self.func(
 721                "CONVERT_TIMEZONE", e.args.get("zone"), "'UTC'", e.this
 722            ),
 723            exp.GenerateSeries: lambda self, e: self.func(
 724                "ARRAY_GENERATE_RANGE", e.args["start"], e.args["end"] + 1, e.args.get("step")
 725            ),
 726            exp.GroupConcat: rename_func("LISTAGG"),
 727            exp.If: if_sql(name="IFF", false_value="NULL"),
 728            exp.JSONExtract: lambda self, e: self.func("GET_PATH", e.this, e.expression),
 729            exp.JSONExtractScalar: lambda self, e: self.func(
 730                "JSON_EXTRACT_PATH_TEXT", e.this, e.expression
 731            ),
 732            exp.JSONObject: lambda self, e: self.func("OBJECT_CONSTRUCT_KEEP_NULL", *e.expressions),
 733            exp.JSONPathRoot: lambda *_: "",
 734            exp.LogicalAnd: rename_func("BOOLAND_AGG"),
 735            exp.LogicalOr: rename_func("BOOLOR_AGG"),
 736            exp.Map: lambda self, e: var_map_sql(self, e, "OBJECT_CONSTRUCT"),
 737            exp.Max: max_or_greatest,
 738            exp.Min: min_or_least,
 739            exp.ParseJSON: lambda self, e: self.func(
 740                "TRY_PARSE_JSON" if e.args.get("safe") else "PARSE_JSON", e.this
 741            ),
 742            exp.PartitionedByProperty: lambda self, e: f"PARTITION BY {self.sql(e, 'this')}",
 743            exp.PercentileCont: transforms.preprocess(
 744                [transforms.add_within_group_for_percentiles]
 745            ),
 746            exp.PercentileDisc: transforms.preprocess(
 747                [transforms.add_within_group_for_percentiles]
 748            ),
 749            exp.Pivot: transforms.preprocess([_unqualify_unpivot_columns]),
 750            exp.RegexpILike: _regexpilike_sql,
 751            exp.Rand: rename_func("RANDOM"),
 752            exp.Select: transforms.preprocess(
 753                [
 754                    transforms.eliminate_distinct_on,
 755                    transforms.explode_to_unnest(),
 756                    transforms.eliminate_semi_and_anti_joins,
 757                ]
 758            ),
 759            exp.SHA: rename_func("SHA1"),
 760            exp.StarMap: rename_func("OBJECT_CONSTRUCT"),
 761            exp.StartsWith: rename_func("STARTSWITH"),
 762            exp.StrPosition: lambda self, e: self.func(
 763                "POSITION", e.args.get("substr"), e.this, e.args.get("position")
 764            ),
 765            exp.StrToTime: lambda self, e: self.func("TO_TIMESTAMP", e.this, self.format_time(e)),
 766            exp.Stuff: rename_func("INSERT"),
 767            exp.TimeAdd: date_delta_sql("TIMEADD"),
 768            exp.TimestampDiff: lambda self, e: self.func(
 769                "TIMESTAMPDIFF", e.unit, e.expression, e.this
 770            ),
 771            exp.TimestampTrunc: timestamptrunc_sql(),
 772            exp.TimeStrToTime: timestrtotime_sql,
 773            exp.TimeToStr: lambda self, e: self.func(
 774                "TO_CHAR", exp.cast(e.this, exp.DataType.Type.TIMESTAMP), self.format_time(e)
 775            ),
 776            exp.TimeToUnix: lambda self, e: f"EXTRACT(epoch_second FROM {self.sql(e, 'this')})",
 777            exp.ToArray: rename_func("TO_ARRAY"),
 778            exp.ToChar: lambda self, e: self.function_fallback_sql(e),
 779            exp.Trim: lambda self, e: self.func("TRIM", e.this, e.expression),
 780            exp.TsOrDsAdd: date_delta_sql("DATEADD", cast=True),
 781            exp.TsOrDsDiff: date_delta_sql("DATEDIFF"),
 782            exp.TsOrDsToDate: lambda self, e: self.func(
 783                "TRY_TO_DATE" if e.args.get("safe") else "TO_DATE", e.this, self.format_time(e)
 784            ),
 785            exp.UnixToTime: rename_func("TO_TIMESTAMP"),
 786            exp.VarMap: lambda self, e: var_map_sql(self, e, "OBJECT_CONSTRUCT"),
 787            exp.WeekOfYear: rename_func("WEEKOFYEAR"),
 788            exp.Xor: rename_func("BOOLXOR"),
 789        }
 790
 791        SUPPORTED_JSON_PATH_PARTS = {
 792            exp.JSONPathKey,
 793            exp.JSONPathRoot,
 794            exp.JSONPathSubscript,
 795        }
 796
 797        TYPE_MAPPING = {
 798            **generator.Generator.TYPE_MAPPING,
 799            exp.DataType.Type.NESTED: "OBJECT",
 800            exp.DataType.Type.STRUCT: "OBJECT",
 801        }
 802
 803        PROPERTIES_LOCATION = {
 804            **generator.Generator.PROPERTIES_LOCATION,
 805            exp.SetProperty: exp.Properties.Location.UNSUPPORTED,
 806            exp.VolatileProperty: exp.Properties.Location.UNSUPPORTED,
 807        }
 808
 809        UNSUPPORTED_VALUES_EXPRESSIONS = {
 810            exp.Map,
 811            exp.StarMap,
 812            exp.Struct,
 813            exp.VarMap,
 814        }
 815
 816        def with_properties(self, properties: exp.Properties) -> str:
 817            return self.properties(properties, wrapped=False, prefix=self.sep(""), sep=" ")
 818
 819        def values_sql(self, expression: exp.Values, values_as_table: bool = True) -> str:
 820            if expression.find(*self.UNSUPPORTED_VALUES_EXPRESSIONS):
 821                values_as_table = False
 822
 823            return super().values_sql(expression, values_as_table=values_as_table)
 824
 825        def datatype_sql(self, expression: exp.DataType) -> str:
 826            expressions = expression.expressions
 827            if (
 828                expressions
 829                and expression.is_type(*exp.DataType.STRUCT_TYPES)
 830                and any(isinstance(field_type, exp.DataType) for field_type in expressions)
 831            ):
 832                # The correct syntax is OBJECT [ (<key> <value_type [NOT NULL] [, ...]) ]
 833                return "OBJECT"
 834
 835            return super().datatype_sql(expression)
 836
 837        def tonumber_sql(self, expression: exp.ToNumber) -> str:
 838            return self.func(
 839                "TO_NUMBER",
 840                expression.this,
 841                expression.args.get("format"),
 842                expression.args.get("precision"),
 843                expression.args.get("scale"),
 844            )
 845
 846        def timestampfromparts_sql(self, expression: exp.TimestampFromParts) -> str:
 847            milli = expression.args.get("milli")
 848            if milli is not None:
 849                milli_to_nano = milli.pop() * exp.Literal.number(1000000)
 850                expression.set("nano", milli_to_nano)
 851
 852            return rename_func("TIMESTAMP_FROM_PARTS")(self, expression)
 853
 854        def trycast_sql(self, expression: exp.TryCast) -> str:
 855            value = expression.this
 856
 857            if value.type is None:
 858                from sqlglot.optimizer.annotate_types import annotate_types
 859
 860                value = annotate_types(value)
 861
 862            if value.is_type(*exp.DataType.TEXT_TYPES, exp.DataType.Type.UNKNOWN):
 863                return super().trycast_sql(expression)
 864
 865            # TRY_CAST only works for string values in Snowflake
 866            return self.cast_sql(expression)
 867
 868        def log_sql(self, expression: exp.Log) -> str:
 869            if not expression.expression:
 870                return self.func("LN", expression.this)
 871
 872            return super().log_sql(expression)
 873
 874        def unnest_sql(self, expression: exp.Unnest) -> str:
 875            unnest_alias = expression.args.get("alias")
 876            offset = expression.args.get("offset")
 877
 878            columns = [
 879                exp.to_identifier("seq"),
 880                exp.to_identifier("key"),
 881                exp.to_identifier("path"),
 882                offset.pop() if isinstance(offset, exp.Expression) else exp.to_identifier("index"),
 883                seq_get(unnest_alias.columns if unnest_alias else [], 0)
 884                or exp.to_identifier("value"),
 885                exp.to_identifier("this"),
 886            ]
 887
 888            if unnest_alias:
 889                unnest_alias.set("columns", columns)
 890            else:
 891                unnest_alias = exp.TableAlias(this="_u", columns=columns)
 892
 893            explode = f"TABLE(FLATTEN(INPUT => {self.sql(expression.expressions[0])}))"
 894            alias = self.sql(unnest_alias)
 895            alias = f" AS {alias}" if alias else ""
 896            return f"{explode}{alias}"
 897
 898        def show_sql(self, expression: exp.Show) -> str:
 899            terse = "TERSE " if expression.args.get("terse") else ""
 900            history = " HISTORY" if expression.args.get("history") else ""
 901            like = self.sql(expression, "like")
 902            like = f" LIKE {like}" if like else ""
 903
 904            scope = self.sql(expression, "scope")
 905            scope = f" {scope}" if scope else ""
 906
 907            scope_kind = self.sql(expression, "scope_kind")
 908            if scope_kind:
 909                scope_kind = f" IN {scope_kind}"
 910
 911            starts_with = self.sql(expression, "starts_with")
 912            if starts_with:
 913                starts_with = f" STARTS WITH {starts_with}"
 914
 915            limit = self.sql(expression, "limit")
 916
 917            from_ = self.sql(expression, "from")
 918            if from_:
 919                from_ = f" FROM {from_}"
 920
 921            return f"SHOW {terse}{expression.name}{history}{like}{scope_kind}{scope}{starts_with}{limit}{from_}"
 922
 923        def regexpextract_sql(self, expression: exp.RegexpExtract) -> str:
 924            # Other dialects don't support all of the following parameters, so we need to
 925            # generate default values as necessary to ensure the transpilation is correct
 926            group = expression.args.get("group")
 927            parameters = expression.args.get("parameters") or (group and exp.Literal.string("c"))
 928            occurrence = expression.args.get("occurrence") or (parameters and exp.Literal.number(1))
 929            position = expression.args.get("position") or (occurrence and exp.Literal.number(1))
 930
 931            return self.func(
 932                "REGEXP_SUBSTR",
 933                expression.this,
 934                expression.expression,
 935                position,
 936                occurrence,
 937                parameters,
 938                group,
 939            )
 940
 941        def except_op(self, expression: exp.Except) -> str:
 942            if not expression.args.get("distinct"):
 943                self.unsupported("EXCEPT with All is not supported in Snowflake")
 944            return super().except_op(expression)
 945
 946        def intersect_op(self, expression: exp.Intersect) -> str:
 947            if not expression.args.get("distinct"):
 948                self.unsupported("INTERSECT with All is not supported in Snowflake")
 949            return super().intersect_op(expression)
 950
 951        def describe_sql(self, expression: exp.Describe) -> str:
 952            # Default to table if kind is unknown
 953            kind_value = expression.args.get("kind") or "TABLE"
 954            kind = f" {kind_value}" if kind_value else ""
 955            this = f" {self.sql(expression, 'this')}"
 956            expressions = self.expressions(expression, flat=True)
 957            expressions = f" {expressions}" if expressions else ""
 958            return f"DESCRIBE{kind}{this}{expressions}"
 959
 960        def generatedasidentitycolumnconstraint_sql(
 961            self, expression: exp.GeneratedAsIdentityColumnConstraint
 962        ) -> str:
 963            start = expression.args.get("start")
 964            start = f" START {start}" if start else ""
 965            increment = expression.args.get("increment")
 966            increment = f" INCREMENT {increment}" if increment else ""
 967            return f"AUTOINCREMENT{start}{increment}"
 968
 969        def swaptable_sql(self, expression: exp.SwapTable) -> str:
 970            this = self.sql(expression, "this")
 971            return f"SWAP WITH {this}"
 972
 973        def cluster_sql(self, expression: exp.Cluster) -> str:
 974            return f"CLUSTER BY ({self.expressions(expression, flat=True)})"
 975
 976        def struct_sql(self, expression: exp.Struct) -> str:
 977            keys = []
 978            values = []
 979
 980            for i, e in enumerate(expression.expressions):
 981                if isinstance(e, exp.PropertyEQ):
 982                    keys.append(
 983                        exp.Literal.string(e.name) if isinstance(e.this, exp.Identifier) else e.this
 984                    )
 985                    values.append(e.expression)
 986                else:
 987                    keys.append(exp.Literal.string(f"_{i}"))
 988                    values.append(e)
 989
 990            return self.func("OBJECT_CONSTRUCT", *flatten(zip(keys, values)))
 991
 992        def approxquantile_sql(self, expression: exp.ApproxQuantile) -> str:
 993            if expression.args.get("weight") or expression.args.get("accuracy"):
 994                self.unsupported(
 995                    "APPROX_PERCENTILE with weight and/or accuracy arguments are not supported in Snowflake"
 996                )
 997
 998            return self.func("APPROX_PERCENTILE", expression.this, expression.args.get("quantile"))
 999
1000        def alterset_sql(self, expression: exp.AlterSet) -> str:
1001            exprs = self.expressions(expression, flat=True)
1002            exprs = f" {exprs}" if exprs else ""
1003            file_format = self.expressions(expression, key="file_format", flat=True, sep=" ")
1004            file_format = f" STAGE_FILE_FORMAT = ({file_format})" if file_format else ""
1005            copy_options = self.expressions(expression, key="copy_options", flat=True, sep=" ")
1006            copy_options = f" STAGE_COPY_OPTIONS = ({copy_options})" if copy_options else ""
1007            tag = self.expressions(expression, key="tag", flat=True)
1008            tag = f" TAG {tag}" if tag else ""
1009
1010            return f"SET{exprs}{file_format}{copy_options}{tag}"

Generator converts a given syntax tree to the corresponding SQL string.

Arguments:
  • pretty: Whether to format the produced SQL string. Default: False.
  • identify: Determines when an identifier should be quoted. Possible values are: False (default): Never quote, except in cases where it's mandatory by the dialect. True or 'always': Always quote. 'safe': Only quote identifiers that are case insensitive.
  • normalize: Whether to normalize identifiers to lowercase. Default: False.
  • pad: The pad size in a formatted string. For example, this affects the indentation of a projection in a query, relative to its nesting level. Default: 2.
  • indent: The indentation size in a formatted string. For example, this affects the indentation of subqueries and filters under a WHERE clause. Default: 2.
  • normalize_functions: How to normalize function names. Possible values are: "upper" or True (default): Convert names to uppercase. "lower": Convert names to lowercase. False: Disables function name normalization.
  • unsupported_level: Determines the generator's behavior when it encounters unsupported expressions. Default ErrorLevel.WARN.
  • max_unsupported: Maximum number of unsupported messages to include in a raised UnsupportedError. This is only relevant if unsupported_level is ErrorLevel.RAISE. Default: 3
  • leading_comma: Whether the comma is leading or trailing in select expressions. This is only relevant when generating in pretty mode. Default: False
  • max_text_width: The max number of characters in a segment before creating new lines in pretty mode. The default is on the smaller end because the length only represents a segment and not the true line length. Default: 80
  • comments: Whether to preserve comments in the output SQL code. Default: True
PARAMETER_TOKEN = '$'
MATCHED_BY_SOURCE = False
SINGLE_STRING_INTERVAL = True
JOIN_HINTS = False
TABLE_HINTS = False
QUERY_HINTS = False
AGGREGATE_FILTER_SUPPORTED = False
SUPPORTS_TABLE_COPY = False
COLLATE_IS_FUNC = True
LIMIT_ONLY_LITERALS = True
JSON_KEY_VALUE_PAIR_SEP = ','
INSERT_OVERWRITE = ' OVERWRITE INTO'
STRUCT_DELIMITER = ('(', ')')
COPY_PARAMS_ARE_WRAPPED = False
COPY_PARAMS_EQ_REQUIRED = True
STAR_EXCEPT = 'EXCLUDE'
SUPPORTS_EXPLODING_PROJECTIONS = False
ARRAY_CONCAT_IS_VAR_LEN = False
TRANSFORMS = {<class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONPathKey'>: <function <lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONPathRoot'>: <function Snowflake.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONPathSubscript'>: <function <lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.AllowedValuesProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.AutoRefreshProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.BackupProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CaseSpecificColumnConstraint'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CharacterSetColumnConstraint'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CharacterSetProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ClusteredColumnConstraint'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CollateColumnConstraint'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CommentColumnConstraint'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ConnectByRoot'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CopyGrantsProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DateFormatColumnConstraint'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DefaultColumnConstraint'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DynamicProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.EncodeColumnConstraint'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.EphemeralColumnConstraint'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ExcludeColumnConstraint'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ExecuteAsProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ExternalProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.GlobalProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.HeapProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.IcebergProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.InheritsProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.InlineLengthColumnConstraint'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.InputModelProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.IntervalSpan'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LanguageProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LocationProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LogProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.MaterializedProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.NonClusteredColumnConstraint'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.NoPrimaryIndexProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.NotForReplicationColumnConstraint'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.OnCommitProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.OnProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.OnUpdateColumnConstraint'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.OutputModelProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.PathColumnConstraint'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.PivotAny'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ProjectionPolicyColumnConstraint'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.RemoteWithConnectionModelProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ReturnsProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SampleProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SecureProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SetConfigProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SetProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SettingsProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SharingProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SqlReadWriteProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SqlSecurityProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StabilityProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StrictProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TemporaryProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TagColumnConstraint'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TitleColumnConstraint'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ToMap'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ToTableProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TransformModelProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TransientProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.UppercaseColumnConstraint'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.UnloggedProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.VarMap'>: <function Snowflake.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ViewAttributeProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.VolatileProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.WithJournalTableProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.WithSchemaBindingProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.WithOperator'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ApproxDistinct'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArgMax'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArgMin'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Array'>: <function inline_array_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayConcat'>: <function Snowflake.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayContains'>: <function Snowflake.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.AtTimeZone'>: <function Snowflake.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.BitwiseXor'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Create'>: <function preprocess.<locals>._to_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DateAdd'>: <function date_delta_sql.<locals>._delta_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DateDiff'>: <function date_delta_sql.<locals>._delta_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DateStrToDate'>: <function datestrtodate_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DayOfMonth'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DayOfWeek'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DayOfYear'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Explode'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Extract'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.FromTimeZone'>: <function Snowflake.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.GenerateSeries'>: <function Snowflake.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.GroupConcat'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.If'>: <function if_sql.<locals>._if_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONExtract'>: <function Snowflake.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONExtractScalar'>: <function Snowflake.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONObject'>: <function Snowflake.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LogicalAnd'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LogicalOr'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Map'>: <function Snowflake.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Max'>: <function max_or_greatest>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Min'>: <function min_or_least>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ParseJSON'>: <function Snowflake.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.PartitionedByProperty'>: <function Snowflake.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.PercentileCont'>: <function preprocess.<locals>._to_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.PercentileDisc'>: <function preprocess.<locals>._to_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Pivot'>: <function preprocess.<locals>._to_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.RegexpILike'>: <function _regexpilike_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Rand'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Select'>: <function preprocess.<locals>._to_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SHA'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StarMap'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StartsWith'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StrPosition'>: <function Snowflake.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StrToTime'>: <function Snowflake.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Stuff'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimeAdd'>: <function date_delta_sql.<locals>._delta_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimestampDiff'>: <function Snowflake.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimestampTrunc'>: <function timestamptrunc_sql.<locals>._timestamptrunc_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimeStrToTime'>: <function timestrtotime_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimeToStr'>: <function Snowflake.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimeToUnix'>: <function Snowflake.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ToArray'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ToChar'>: <function Snowflake.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Trim'>: <function Snowflake.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TsOrDsAdd'>: <function date_delta_sql.<locals>._delta_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TsOrDsDiff'>: <function date_delta_sql.<locals>._delta_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TsOrDsToDate'>: <function Snowflake.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.UnixToTime'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.WeekOfYear'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Xor'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>}
TYPE_MAPPING = {<Type.NCHAR: 'NCHAR'>: 'CHAR', <Type.NVARCHAR: 'NVARCHAR'>: 'VARCHAR', <Type.MEDIUMTEXT: 'MEDIUMTEXT'>: 'TEXT', <Type.LONGTEXT: 'LONGTEXT'>: 'TEXT', <Type.TINYTEXT: 'TINYTEXT'>: 'TEXT', <Type.MEDIUMBLOB: 'MEDIUMBLOB'>: 'BLOB', <Type.LONGBLOB: 'LONGBLOB'>: 'BLOB', <Type.TINYBLOB: 'TINYBLOB'>: 'BLOB', <Type.INET: 'INET'>: 'INET', <Type.ROWVERSION: 'ROWVERSION'>: 'VARBINARY', <Type.NESTED: 'NESTED'>: 'OBJECT', <Type.STRUCT: 'STRUCT'>: 'OBJECT'}
PROPERTIES_LOCATION = {<class 'sqlglot.expressions.AllowedValuesProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.AlgorithmProperty'>: <Location.POST_CREATE: 'POST_CREATE'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.AutoIncrementProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.AutoRefreshProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.BackupProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.BlockCompressionProperty'>: <Location.POST_NAME: 'POST_NAME'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CharacterSetProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ChecksumProperty'>: <Location.POST_NAME: 'POST_NAME'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CollateProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CopyGrantsProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Cluster'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ClusteredByProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DataBlocksizeProperty'>: <Location.POST_NAME: 'POST_NAME'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DataDeletionProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DefinerProperty'>: <Location.POST_CREATE: 'POST_CREATE'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DictRange'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DictProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DynamicProperty'>: <Location.POST_CREATE: 'POST_CREATE'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DistKeyProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DistStyleProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.EngineProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ExecuteAsProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ExternalProperty'>: <Location.POST_CREATE: 'POST_CREATE'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.FallbackProperty'>: <Location.POST_NAME: 'POST_NAME'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.FileFormatProperty'>: <Location.POST_WITH: 'POST_WITH'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.FreespaceProperty'>: <Location.POST_NAME: 'POST_NAME'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.GlobalProperty'>: <Location.POST_CREATE: 'POST_CREATE'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.HeapProperty'>: <Location.POST_WITH: 'POST_WITH'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.InheritsProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.IcebergProperty'>: <Location.POST_CREATE: 'POST_CREATE'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.InputModelProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.IsolatedLoadingProperty'>: <Location.POST_NAME: 'POST_NAME'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JournalProperty'>: <Location.POST_NAME: 'POST_NAME'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LanguageProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LikeProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LocationProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LockProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LockingProperty'>: <Location.POST_ALIAS: 'POST_ALIAS'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LogProperty'>: <Location.POST_NAME: 'POST_NAME'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.MaterializedProperty'>: <Location.POST_CREATE: 'POST_CREATE'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.MergeBlockRatioProperty'>: <Location.POST_NAME: 'POST_NAME'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.NoPrimaryIndexProperty'>: <Location.POST_EXPRESSION: 'POST_EXPRESSION'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.OnProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.OnCommitProperty'>: <Location.POST_EXPRESSION: 'POST_EXPRESSION'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Order'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.OutputModelProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.PartitionedByProperty'>: <Location.POST_WITH: 'POST_WITH'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.PartitionedOfProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.PrimaryKey'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Property'>: <Location.POST_WITH: 'POST_WITH'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.RemoteWithConnectionModelProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ReturnsProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.RowFormatProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.RowFormatDelimitedProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.RowFormatSerdeProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SampleProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SchemaCommentProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SecureProperty'>: <Location.POST_CREATE: 'POST_CREATE'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SerdeProperties'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Set'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SettingsProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SetProperty'>: <Location.UNSUPPORTED: 'UNSUPPORTED'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SetConfigProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SharingProperty'>: <Location.POST_EXPRESSION: 'POST_EXPRESSION'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SequenceProperties'>: <Location.POST_EXPRESSION: 'POST_EXPRESSION'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SortKeyProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SqlReadWriteProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SqlSecurityProperty'>: <Location.POST_CREATE: 'POST_CREATE'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StabilityProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StrictProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TemporaryProperty'>: <Location.POST_CREATE: 'POST_CREATE'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ToTableProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TransientProperty'>: <Location.POST_CREATE: 'POST_CREATE'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TransformModelProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.MergeTreeTTL'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.UnloggedProperty'>: <Location.POST_CREATE: 'POST_CREATE'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ViewAttributeProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.VolatileProperty'>: <Location.UNSUPPORTED: 'UNSUPPORTED'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.WithDataProperty'>: <Location.POST_EXPRESSION: 'POST_EXPRESSION'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.WithJournalTableProperty'>: <Location.POST_NAME: 'POST_NAME'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.WithSchemaBindingProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.WithSystemVersioningProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>}
UNSUPPORTED_VALUES_EXPRESSIONS = {<class 'sqlglot.expressions.StarMap'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.VarMap'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Struct'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Map'>}
def with_properties(self, properties: sqlglot.expressions.Properties) -> str:
816        def with_properties(self, properties: exp.Properties) -> str:
817            return self.properties(properties, wrapped=False, prefix=self.sep(""), sep=" ")
def values_sql( self, expression: sqlglot.expressions.Values, values_as_table: bool = True) -> str:
819        def values_sql(self, expression: exp.Values, values_as_table: bool = True) -> str:
820            if expression.find(*self.UNSUPPORTED_VALUES_EXPRESSIONS):
821                values_as_table = False
822
823            return super().values_sql(expression, values_as_table=values_as_table)
def datatype_sql(self, expression: sqlglot.expressions.DataType) -> str:
825        def datatype_sql(self, expression: exp.DataType) -> str:
826            expressions = expression.expressions
827            if (
828                expressions
829                and expression.is_type(*exp.DataType.STRUCT_TYPES)
830                and any(isinstance(field_type, exp.DataType) for field_type in expressions)
831            ):
832                # The correct syntax is OBJECT [ (<key> <value_type [NOT NULL] [, ...]) ]
833                return "OBJECT"
834
835            return super().datatype_sql(expression)
def tonumber_sql(self, expression: sqlglot.expressions.ToNumber) -> str:
837        def tonumber_sql(self, expression: exp.ToNumber) -> str:
838            return self.func(
839                "TO_NUMBER",
840                expression.this,
841                expression.args.get("format"),
842                expression.args.get("precision"),
843                expression.args.get("scale"),
844            )
def timestampfromparts_sql(self, expression: sqlglot.expressions.TimestampFromParts) -> str:
846        def timestampfromparts_sql(self, expression: exp.TimestampFromParts) -> str:
847            milli = expression.args.get("milli")
848            if milli is not None:
849                milli_to_nano = milli.pop() * exp.Literal.number(1000000)
850                expression.set("nano", milli_to_nano)
851
852            return rename_func("TIMESTAMP_FROM_PARTS")(self, expression)
def trycast_sql(self, expression: sqlglot.expressions.TryCast) -> str:
854        def trycast_sql(self, expression: exp.TryCast) -> str:
855            value = expression.this
856
857            if value.type is None:
858                from sqlglot.optimizer.annotate_types import annotate_types
859
860                value = annotate_types(value)
861
862            if value.is_type(*exp.DataType.TEXT_TYPES, exp.DataType.Type.UNKNOWN):
863                return super().trycast_sql(expression)
864
865            # TRY_CAST only works for string values in Snowflake
866            return self.cast_sql(expression)
def log_sql(self, expression: sqlglot.expressions.Log) -> str:
868        def log_sql(self, expression: exp.Log) -> str:
869            if not expression.expression:
870                return self.func("LN", expression.this)
871
872            return super().log_sql(expression)
def unnest_sql(self, expression: sqlglot.expressions.Unnest) -> str:
874        def unnest_sql(self, expression: exp.Unnest) -> str:
875            unnest_alias = expression.args.get("alias")
876            offset = expression.args.get("offset")
877
878            columns = [
879                exp.to_identifier("seq"),
880                exp.to_identifier("key"),
881                exp.to_identifier("path"),
882                offset.pop() if isinstance(offset, exp.Expression) else exp.to_identifier("index"),
883                seq_get(unnest_alias.columns if unnest_alias else [], 0)
884                or exp.to_identifier("value"),
885                exp.to_identifier("this"),
886            ]
887
888            if unnest_alias:
889                unnest_alias.set("columns", columns)
890            else:
891                unnest_alias = exp.TableAlias(this="_u", columns=columns)
892
893            explode = f"TABLE(FLATTEN(INPUT => {self.sql(expression.expressions[0])}))"
894            alias = self.sql(unnest_alias)
895            alias = f" AS {alias}" if alias else ""
896            return f"{explode}{alias}"
def show_sql(self, expression: sqlglot.expressions.Show) -> str:
898        def show_sql(self, expression: exp.Show) -> str:
899            terse = "TERSE " if expression.args.get("terse") else ""
900            history = " HISTORY" if expression.args.get("history") else ""
901            like = self.sql(expression, "like")
902            like = f" LIKE {like}" if like else ""
903
904            scope = self.sql(expression, "scope")
905            scope = f" {scope}" if scope else ""
906
907            scope_kind = self.sql(expression, "scope_kind")
908            if scope_kind:
909                scope_kind = f" IN {scope_kind}"
910
911            starts_with = self.sql(expression, "starts_with")
912            if starts_with:
913                starts_with = f" STARTS WITH {starts_with}"
914
915            limit = self.sql(expression, "limit")
916
917            from_ = self.sql(expression, "from")
918            if from_:
919                from_ = f" FROM {from_}"
920
921            return f"SHOW {terse}{expression.name}{history}{like}{scope_kind}{scope}{starts_with}{limit}{from_}"
def regexpextract_sql(self, expression: sqlglot.expressions.RegexpExtract) -> str:
923        def regexpextract_sql(self, expression: exp.RegexpExtract) -> str:
924            # Other dialects don't support all of the following parameters, so we need to
925            # generate default values as necessary to ensure the transpilation is correct
926            group = expression.args.get("group")
927            parameters = expression.args.get("parameters") or (group and exp.Literal.string("c"))
928            occurrence = expression.args.get("occurrence") or (parameters and exp.Literal.number(1))
929            position = expression.args.get("position") or (occurrence and exp.Literal.number(1))
930
931            return self.func(
932                "REGEXP_SUBSTR",
933                expression.this,
934                expression.expression,
935                position,
936                occurrence,
937                parameters,
938                group,
939            )
def except_op(self, expression: sqlglot.expressions.Except) -> str:
941        def except_op(self, expression: exp.Except) -> str:
942            if not expression.args.get("distinct"):
943                self.unsupported("EXCEPT with All is not supported in Snowflake")
944            return super().except_op(expression)
def intersect_op(self, expression: sqlglot.expressions.Intersect) -> str:
946        def intersect_op(self, expression: exp.Intersect) -> str:
947            if not expression.args.get("distinct"):
948                self.unsupported("INTERSECT with All is not supported in Snowflake")
949            return super().intersect_op(expression)
def describe_sql(self, expression: sqlglot.expressions.Describe) -> str:
951        def describe_sql(self, expression: exp.Describe) -> str:
952            # Default to table if kind is unknown
953            kind_value = expression.args.get("kind") or "TABLE"
954            kind = f" {kind_value}" if kind_value else ""
955            this = f" {self.sql(expression, 'this')}"
956            expressions = self.expressions(expression, flat=True)
957            expressions = f" {expressions}" if expressions else ""
958            return f"DESCRIBE{kind}{this}{expressions}"
def generatedasidentitycolumnconstraint_sql( self, expression: sqlglot.expressions.GeneratedAsIdentityColumnConstraint) -> str:
960        def generatedasidentitycolumnconstraint_sql(
961            self, expression: exp.GeneratedAsIdentityColumnConstraint
962        ) -> str:
963            start = expression.args.get("start")
964            start = f" START {start}" if start else ""
965            increment = expression.args.get("increment")
966            increment = f" INCREMENT {increment}" if increment else ""
967            return f"AUTOINCREMENT{start}{increment}"
def swaptable_sql(self, expression: sqlglot.expressions.SwapTable) -> str:
969        def swaptable_sql(self, expression: exp.SwapTable) -> str:
970            this = self.sql(expression, "this")
971            return f"SWAP WITH {this}"
def cluster_sql(self, expression: sqlglot.expressions.Cluster) -> str:
973        def cluster_sql(self, expression: exp.Cluster) -> str:
974            return f"CLUSTER BY ({self.expressions(expression, flat=True)})"
def struct_sql(self, expression: sqlglot.expressions.Struct) -> str:
976        def struct_sql(self, expression: exp.Struct) -> str:
977            keys = []
978            values = []
979
980            for i, e in enumerate(expression.expressions):
981                if isinstance(e, exp.PropertyEQ):
982                    keys.append(
983                        exp.Literal.string(e.name) if isinstance(e.this, exp.Identifier) else e.this
984                    )
985                    values.append(e.expression)
986                else:
987                    keys.append(exp.Literal.string(f"_{i}"))
988                    values.append(e)
989
990            return self.func("OBJECT_CONSTRUCT", *flatten(zip(keys, values)))
def approxquantile_sql(self, expression: sqlglot.expressions.ApproxQuantile) -> str:
992        def approxquantile_sql(self, expression: exp.ApproxQuantile) -> str:
993            if expression.args.get("weight") or expression.args.get("accuracy"):
994                self.unsupported(
995                    "APPROX_PERCENTILE with weight and/or accuracy arguments are not supported in Snowflake"
996                )
997
998            return self.func("APPROX_PERCENTILE", expression.this, expression.args.get("quantile"))
def alterset_sql(self, expression: sqlglot.expressions.AlterSet) -> str:
1000        def alterset_sql(self, expression: exp.AlterSet) -> str:
1001            exprs = self.expressions(expression, flat=True)
1002            exprs = f" {exprs}" if exprs else ""
1003            file_format = self.expressions(expression, key="file_format", flat=True, sep=" ")
1004            file_format = f" STAGE_FILE_FORMAT = ({file_format})" if file_format else ""
1005            copy_options = self.expressions(expression, key="copy_options", flat=True, sep=" ")
1006            copy_options = f" STAGE_COPY_OPTIONS = ({copy_options})" if copy_options else ""
1007            tag = self.expressions(expression, key="tag", flat=True)
1008            tag = f" TAG {tag}" if tag else ""
1009
1010            return f"SET{exprs}{file_format}{copy_options}{tag}"
SELECT_KINDS: Tuple[str, ...] = ()
TRY_SUPPORTED = False
SUPPORTS_UESCAPE = False
AFTER_HAVING_MODIFIER_TRANSFORMS = {'windows': <function Generator.<lambda>>, 'qualify': <function Generator.<lambda>>}
Inherited Members
sqlglot.generator.Generator
Generator
NULL_ORDERING_SUPPORTED
IGNORE_NULLS_IN_FUNC
LOCKING_READS_SUPPORTED
EXPLICIT_SET_OP
WRAP_DERIVED_VALUES
CREATE_FUNCTION_RETURN_AS
INTERVAL_ALLOWS_PLURAL_FORM
LIMIT_FETCH
RENAME_TABLE_WITH_DB
GROUPINGS_SEP
INDEX_ON
QUERY_HINT_SEP
IS_BOOL_ALLOWED
DUPLICATE_KEY_UPDATE_WITH_SET
LIMIT_IS_TOP
RETURNING_END
EXTRACT_ALLOWS_QUOTES
TZ_TO_WITH_TIME_ZONE
NVL2_SUPPORTED
VALUES_AS_TABLE
ALTER_TABLE_INCLUDE_COLUMN_KEYWORD
UNNEST_WITH_ORDINALITY
SEMI_ANTI_JOIN_WITH_SIDE
COMPUTED_COLUMN_WITH_TYPE
TABLESAMPLE_REQUIRES_PARENS
TABLESAMPLE_SIZE_IS_ROWS
TABLESAMPLE_KEYWORDS
TABLESAMPLE_WITH_METHOD
TABLESAMPLE_SEED_KEYWORD
DATA_TYPE_SPECIFIERS_ALLOWED
ENSURE_BOOLS
CTE_RECURSIVE_KEYWORD_REQUIRED
SUPPORTS_SINGLE_ARG_CONCAT
LAST_DAY_SUPPORTS_DATE_PART
SUPPORTS_TABLE_ALIAS_COLUMNS
UNPIVOT_ALIASES_ARE_IDENTIFIERS
SUPPORTS_SELECT_INTO
SUPPORTS_UNLOGGED_TABLES
SUPPORTS_CREATE_TABLE_LIKE
LIKE_PROPERTY_INSIDE_SCHEMA
MULTI_ARG_DISTINCT
JSON_TYPE_REQUIRED_FOR_EXTRACTION
JSON_PATH_BRACKETED_KEY_SUPPORTED
JSON_PATH_SINGLE_QUOTE_ESCAPE
CAN_IMPLEMENT_ARRAY_ANY
SUPPORTS_TO_NUMBER
SET_OP_MODIFIERS
COPY_HAS_INTO_KEYWORD
HEX_FUNC
WITH_PROPERTIES_PREFIX
QUOTE_JSON_PATH
PAD_FILL_PATTERN_IS_REQUIRED
PARSE_JSON_NAME
TIME_PART_SINGULARS
TOKEN_MAPPING
NAMED_PLACEHOLDER_TOKEN
RESERVED_KEYWORDS
WITH_SEPARATED_COMMENTS
EXCLUDE_COMMENTS
UNWRAPPED_INTERVAL_VALUES
PARAMETERIZABLE_TEXT_TYPES
EXPRESSIONS_WITHOUT_NESTED_CTES
SENTINEL_LINE_BREAK
pretty
identify
normalize
pad
unsupported_level
max_unsupported
leading_comma
max_text_width
comments
dialect
normalize_functions
unsupported_messages
generate
preprocess
unsupported
sep
seg
pad_comment
maybe_comment
wrap
no_identify
normalize_func
indent
sql
uncache_sql
cache_sql
characterset_sql
column_parts
column_sql
columnposition_sql
columndef_sql
columnconstraint_sql
computedcolumnconstraint_sql
autoincrementcolumnconstraint_sql
compresscolumnconstraint_sql
generatedasrowcolumnconstraint_sql
periodforsystemtimeconstraint_sql
notnullcolumnconstraint_sql
transformcolumnconstraint_sql
primarykeycolumnconstraint_sql
uniquecolumnconstraint_sql
createable_sql
create_sql
sequenceproperties_sql
clone_sql
heredoc_sql
prepend_ctes
with_sql
cte_sql
tablealias_sql
bitstring_sql
hexstring_sql
bytestring_sql
unicodestring_sql
rawstring_sql
datatypeparam_sql
directory_sql
delete_sql
drop_sql
except_sql
fetch_sql
filter_sql
hint_sql
indexparameters_sql
index_sql
identifier_sql
hex_sql
lowerhex_sql
inputoutputformat_sql
national_sql
partition_sql
properties_sql
root_properties
properties
locate_properties
property_name
property_sql
likeproperty_sql
fallbackproperty_sql
journalproperty_sql
freespaceproperty_sql
checksumproperty_sql
mergeblockratioproperty_sql
datablocksizeproperty_sql
blockcompressionproperty_sql
isolatedloadingproperty_sql
partitionboundspec_sql
partitionedofproperty_sql
lockingproperty_sql
withdataproperty_sql
withsystemversioningproperty_sql
insert_sql
intersect_sql
introducer_sql
kill_sql
pseudotype_sql
objectidentifier_sql
onconflict_sql
returning_sql
rowformatdelimitedproperty_sql
withtablehint_sql
indextablehint_sql
historicaldata_sql
table_parts
table_sql
tablesample_sql
pivot_sql
version_sql
tuple_sql
update_sql
var_sql
into_sql
from_sql
group_sql
having_sql
connect_sql
prior_sql
join_sql
lambda_sql
lateral_op
lateral_sql
limit_sql
offset_sql
setitem_sql
set_sql
pragma_sql
lock_sql
literal_sql
escape_str
loaddata_sql
null_sql
boolean_sql
order_sql
withfill_sql
distribute_sql
sort_sql
ordered_sql
matchrecognizemeasure_sql
matchrecognize_sql
query_modifiers
options_modifier
queryoption_sql
offset_limit_modifiers
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